40 BOROUGHBRIDGE EXCURSION, AUG. 7, 1876. 
Society, for information on the flora of the district at another season 
of the year. 
With regard to the geology of the district, Mr. Thomas Tate, of 
Bradford, states that the district explored is bounded on the west by 
a well-marked ridge of magnesian limestone, ranging from Knottingley, 
through Knaresbro’, to Ripon, rising to an average height of between 
200 to 800 feet above the sea. Passing through Knaresbro’ station, 
the party obtained a lovely peep along the banks of the Nidd below 
the castle ruins; the junction of the carboniferous grit with the over- 
lying magnesian limestone being well in view. 
Copgrove and Staveley are built upon the magnesian beds, but the 
latter are completely hidden by the boulder clay save in two sections 
exposed in the railway cutting. 
Eastward of Staveley the limestone dips under, and is succeeded 
by the lowermost member of the triassic series—the Bunter sand- 
stone. Sections of this were seen in two quarries within the grounds 
of Aldborough Manor, near the museum; one of which had supplied 
the Romans with the building materials for Isurium. Another 
section has been exposed in lowering the road near the junction of 
the York and Tadcaster turnpikes, but here, as elsewhere, it is non- 
fossiliferous. With these exceptions, the entire area is covered by a 
thick deposit of boulder clay crowded with faintly ice-scratched 
pebbles from a distance ; the granites and syenites of the lake district, 
and the carboniferous limestone of the Pennine range being the most 
abundant, 
Reprinted from “ The Naturalist,” Oct. and Nov., 1876. 
