Notes on the Geology of South Ferriby. 61 
' just below the plena marls. ‘The specimen is not complete but 
" measures over a foot in length. Dr. A. Smith Woodward, who has 
~ examined it, says that in his opinion it represents a new fish, allied 
to Thrissopater of the Gault, and closely similar to Thrissopatey 
‘magnus from the Lower chalk of Kent. This example, as well 
as many others from this interesting locality, can be seen in 
the geological gallery in the Hull museum. 
The enumeration of these fossils may not be of very great 
moment to most people, but they at any rate serve to shew 
that even in a well-worked section such as that at South Ferriby, 
there is still much to be done,—and further, it is only by a careful 
examination of these organic remains that we are able to forma 
correct idea of the conditions which prevailed during the deposi- 
tion of that soft Globigerina-ooze—at the bottom of an enormous 
ocean, which ooze has since been solidified and elevated, and 
weathered into hills and dales, forming the well-known wolds with 
which we are so familiar. 
In common with other parts of the country, and also with the 
neighbouring county, Yorkshire, there is a great break, in time, 
between the formation of the chalk and the deposits which rest 
directly upon it. In some parts of England various beds of 
_ enormous thickness were deposited during the Tertiary period, but 
of these we have no trace near Ferriby. What was the state of 
_ thingsin North Lincolnshire during that long Tertiary epoch it is 
_ difficult to say. The River Humber was doubtless somewhere in 
5 its present position, though its channel may have been wider, and 
was then only a tributary of a much larger river which flowed 
~ northwards, somewheré near what is now the middle of the North 
Sea. ‘That the Humber was wider in pre-glacial times is demon- 
“strated by the fact that the old shelving shore of hard rock can 
still be traced above the present beach at Ferriby, between the 
Hall and the Chalk quarry. 
The Great Ice Age adds the next chapter to the early 
history of this district. During that far-off time much of our 
country was covered by glaciers flowing into the seas from the 
high lands. The streams of ice on reaching the North Sea were 
_ met by ice in the form of a huge sheet which originated in the 
Scandinavian mountains. This was of such gigantic proportions 
