68 Notes on the Geology of South Ferriby, 
generally in a fairly good state of preservation, though discolour- 
ed. The examples of H. nemoralis are generally more broken. 
In front of l’erriby Hall, and beneath the silt, is a fine bed of 
peat, which untila few years ago was well exposed, and was seen 
to be at least two and a half feet in thickness. In it was a fair 
amount of timber (oak, pine, etc), though the trees had rarely 
attained large size. It contained many bones of mammals and 
birds, amongst which the Red Deer (Cervus elaphus) (represented 
by a pair of antlers, skull and jaws, and numerous bones), the 
short-horned ox (Bos longifrons), and smaller mammals, and of 
birds the duck was recognised. ‘There were also many bones of 
the horse and ox, but as several of these animals were buried 
in the vicinity in comparatively recent years, care must be 
exercised in recording them, though the bones found were well 
stained and in every respect resembled the others in the peat. 
Below the peat was a small accumulation of angular flints, which 
were often stained a curious cobalt blue colour. 
This same peat bed occurs for some distance along the 
southern part of the estuary, as it also does along the north bank 
where it can be seen, under favourable conditions, at Hessle and 
North Ferriby. It was cut through during the construction 
of the Hull docks. At Barton and New Holland it is met with in 
the brick pits, from which localities the Hull Museum possesses 
several antlers of the Red Deer, and also portion of a skull anda 
fine pair of horn-cores of Bos primigenius.* ‘The peat generally is 
found in the brick pits at a depth of about 20 feet. 
In the preceding notes an effort has been made to give a 
resume of the geological features of the district from Cretaceous 
times to the so-called ‘submerged forest”’ or peat bed period. 
Soon after, ifnot during, the latter epoch, man first made his 
appearance in this area. One or two very fine British flint 
weapons have been found along the cliffs, as well as a number of 
gold and silver coins, also of British date. Of Roman relics 
several thousand have been discovered, the chief of which have 
recently come to light and will be described elsewhere, as they 
form another chapter in the history of the place. Anglo-Saxon 
and mediaeval relics have been picked up on the same site. 
“See Hull Museum publication No. 15, 19€3, p. 6. 
