Alban at Verulam, and Aaron and Julius, citizens of the 

 Urbs Legionum." It is here we have the first indication of 

 the name Presidium, which Camden applied to Warwick, 

 but Cserleon is Welsh. We have no reason to believe that any 

 portion of Mid England ever bore a Welsh name. The 

 names which yet remain, which bear a Gaelic origin, are 

 certainly not Welsh, but Erse, and amongst the thirty-three 

 cities mentioned in Nennius, it is almost impossible to identify 

 one with Warwick. The book of Llandaff (Liber Llandav- 

 irensis) would seem to point to Chester as the Carleon ; for 

 it was the camp and station of the XX. Legion prior to the 

 time when Welsh was apparently the spoken language of 

 the coast between the Dee and the Severn, and I would also 

 point out that Bishop Dubritius was a Bishop of Llandaff in 

 the 5th century. The story of Arthur and his knights of 

 the Round Table, is derived from Geoffrey of Monmouth, 

 and the whole of these stories, and other chronicles of 

 Norman date are carefully treated in the preface to " Warwin's 

 Chronicle," by Sir Thomas Duff us Hardy. We turn from 

 these to Dugdale, and are brought face to face with the 

 statement that Warwick owes its foundation to Caractacus. 

 I have been unable to find the authority for this state- 

 ment, but I find that Venusius the husband of Cartis- 

 mandua, the stepmother of Caractacus, was the British 

 general who held the Roman troops in check in Mid- 

 England, and inflicted on them a terrible defeat. The 

 Cornabii, whose frontier fortresses appear to be on the line 

 of the Warwickshire Avon, were allied to the Brigantes, of 

 whom Cartismandua was queen, and I am among those who 

 believe the mound in Warwick Castle was there in Roman, 

 if not pre-Roman times, and that it therefore represents the 

 earliest remains of the fortifications of ancient Warwick. 



