LAMARCK THE ZOOLOGIST 195 
supposed he would, from its superficial resemblance 
to polyps, have placed it among the polyps. To 
Lamarck we are also indebted for the establishment 
in 1818 of the molluscan group of Heteropoda. 
Lamarck’s acuteness is also shown in the fact that, 
whereas Cuvier placed them among the acephalous 
molluscs, he did not regard the ascidians as molluscs 
at all, but places them in a class by themselves 
under the name of 7zzzcata, following the Sipunculus 
worms. Yet he allowed them to remain near the 
Holothurians (then including Sipunculus) in his 
group of Radzatrcs echinodermes, between the latter 
and the Vers. He differs from Cuvier in regard- 
ing the tunic as the homologue of the shell of Lamelli- 
branches, remarking that it differs in being muscular 
and contractile. 
Lamarck’s fame as a zoologist rests chiefly on this 
great work. It elicited the highest praise from his 
contemporaries. Besides containing the innovations 
made in the classification of the animal kingdom, 
which he had published in previous works, it was a 
summary of ali which was then known of the in- 
vertebrate classes, thus forming a most convenient 
hand-book, since it mentioned all the known genera 
and all the known species except those of the insects, 
of which only the types are mentioned. It passed 
through two editions, and still is not without value 
to the working systematist. 
In his Hestotre des Progrés des Sciences naturelles 
Cuvier does it justice. Referring to the earlier volume, 
he states that “it has extended immensely the knowl- 
edge, especially by a new distribution, of the shelled 
