62 TWENTY-FIFTH ANNIVERSARY REPORT. 
scab and best time for making them; the profits of spraying potatoes 
(five years’ work already done) ; control of raspberry anthracnose ; 
cause and control of raspberry cane blight; the exclusion of dodder 
seed from alfalfa seed; study of at least twelve garden insects and . 
introduction of effective insecticides in place of proprietary reme- 
dies often unreliable and injurious; first Station to publish results 
on use of paris green for codling moth; extensive work on the con- 
trol of San José scale; demonstrations in control of pistol case- 
bearer, the tent caterpillars, the New York plum lecanium, the 
grape flea-beetle, the spring canker worm, and a great variety of 
other insects; twenty-five years’ work on varieties of apples and 
other fruits; the preparation and publication of “The Apples oi 
New York,” the nearly complete preparation of ‘ The Grapes of 
New York;” extensive tests of the profits from thinning apples; 
conclusive work on self-fertile and self-sterile grapes, and demon- 
stration of harmonious varieties; the use of cover crops for 
orchards; the vitality of seed as affected by various factors, such 
as age, size, drying, the portion of the plant on which seed is borne, 
maturity, and specific gravity; winter vetch proved to be valuable 
as fall-sown cover-crop; demonstration of excessive and wasteful 
use of fertilizers on potatoes; extended aid to sugar beet growing 
in the State by studies of the crop in various portions of the State; 
availability of different phosphates for two different species of 
plants; influence of the amount of plant food on the composition 
and growth of plants; effect of the fineness of fertilizing material 
on availability; relation of the composition of the soil to plant 
growth; effect of plant growth upon the soluble materials of the 
soil; relation of the amount of fertilizer to the soluble matter of 
the soil; digestion experiments with new materials; tests of new 
cattle foods; increase in growth of maize up to maturity; relative 
effect of rations with wide and narrow nutritive ratios; effect of 
the ration upon the composition of the animal’s carcass; the food 
source of milk fat; the metabolism of phosphorus compounds and 
their physiolgical influence; extensive observations on the growing 
of alfalfa as a forage crop and on the use of corn for silage pur- 
poses; numerous experiments with poultry, including such prob- 
lems as general food requirements of hens of different type; the 
necessary nutritive ratio for laying hens; the supply of egg shell 
material; the particular value and effect of Indian corn and other 
feeding stuffs; influence of food on molt; the use of skimmed 
milk; the influence of salt; the production of capons; causes of 
