
GOLDFISH BREEDS 

surrounding the orbits, so that the head of the fish has an appearance 
similar to that of the “Owl” breed of pigeon, surmounted by a hoodlike 
excrescence of bright pink or of crimson color. This papillomatous growth 
consists of rounded tubercles, about pinhead size, evenly placed and entirly 
covering the head. 
This peculiar goldfish was described by Mr. Hugo Mulertt who im- 
ported a number from Europe, and has also recently been reintroduced 
into the United States. Fine specimens are of pearl-white color on the 
sides with occasional regularly placed single brilliant red scales; others are 
of golden color, but all have the characteristic crimson papille on and 
over the head. Occasional fine specimens are devoid of anal fins. 
In writing of the “Corean breed,” known as the ‘“Maruko” or 
“Ranchiu,” now largely bred in Japan, Prof. S. Watase states that it has 
an exceedingly short body, being in some instances almost globular in form, 
The dorsal fin is entirely absent and the head is distinctive of this breed 
in having rough-looking protuberances of the skin which often attain a 
considerable size and length. 
Two specimens of this fish were shown in alcohol in the Japanese 
section at the Chicago World’s Fair, as they did not survive the voyage 
to the United States. ‘These had developed the peculiar growth into long 
and hair-like manes and were designated by the Japanese as “Lions.” 
No others were seen by the author until recently and these had the 
papillomatous growths and general characteristics of the illustrated fish. 
Dr. Hugh M. Smith of the Bureau of Fisheries at Washington, during 
his visit to Japan saw and had drawings made of some remarkably devel- 
oped fishes of this breed. 
THE JAPANESE BARNACLED OR PARADISE GOLDFISH 
Carassius auratus, var. japonicus verrucosus Fig. 16. 
This exceedingly rare 
Japanese goldfish has the 
body and fin development 
of the Telescope, with the 
large tubular eyes pointed 
forward; a shortened head 
and long snout, moderately 
large paired fins and a 
double tail. The skin is cov- 
ered with wartlike growths 

or papilla, which cause the 
Fig. 16—Japanese Barnacled Paradise Goldfish 
Carassius auratus, var. japonicus verrucosus. ‘Two-thirds life-size 
thin scales to curve and 
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