MARINE AQUARIA 
Polysiphonia violacea (Grev.) or Many-tubed Violet Weed, is a very 
common form in tide-pools and below tidewater ; very variable in appear- 
ance. ‘The stem is thick and twiglike, the primary branches widely spread, 
the secondary branches short and much divided, with feathery tufts at 
their ends. The color is violet and brownish-red and the plant grows to 
a height of 12 to 16 inches. May be found from Cape Cod south to 
Florida. 
Polysephonia urceolata (Grev.) or Pitcher Weed, has very fine 
silky filaments which grow in a 4 to Io inch tuft of fine carmine-red color. 
The thin stems are many-branched and the fronds assume a bushy appear- 
ance composed of many slender filaments. Its name is derived from the 
form of the seed vessels. Common on both the Atlantic and Pacific coasts. 
Polysephonia fastigiata (Grev.) or Black Tassel Weed, consists of a 
dense tuft of many times divided filaments all of about the same length 
so as to form a cockadelike tuft. It is parasitic on some of the Fuca. 
The color is dark-brown or black. Common along the entire Middle 
Atlantic coast. 
Polysephonia elongata (Grev.) or Lobster-horn Weed, consists of a 
cluster of straight stalks about the thickness of heavy twine, joined at the 
upper ends, with the branches irregularly forked. The winter form is 
almost denuded of branches and from it the name is derived. ‘The color 
is light-brown, pink and red. Common on the Middle Atlantic coast 
and grows in deeper water. 
Chondrus crispus (Lyn.) or Irish Moss, has 3 to 6 inch high tough, 
leathery, curled and fan-shaped fronds on a flattened stem. From it a 
tasteless gelatine is made. Grows ona rocky bottom on the entire Atlantic 
coast, and is a deep brown or purple color in deep water and yellowish- 
green in shallow water. 
Phyllophora membranifolia (Ag.) or Red Leafweed, consists of a bunch 
of 12 to 20 irregular branched stems bearing wedge-shaped, fanlike ™% to 
1 inch long fronds, having forked and divided edges. The plant reaches 
a height of 3 to 6 inches and grows on rocks and solid bottom in deep 
water in the warmer section of the Atlantic coast. It is clear red in color, 
sometimes violet in the older growths. 
Calithamnion americanum (Harv.) or Sea Shrub, is a dainty and beau- 
tiful crimson or rose-red shrublike alga, of which the fronds are almost as 
fine as a cobweb and the plant composed of innumerable delicate branches 
from a central stalk attached by a disclike holdfast. Generally distributed 
on the Atlantic coast south of Cape Cod. One of the handsomest com- 
mon forms. Another frequent form of these fine alge is C. versicolor 
(Ag.) the Many-colored Sea Shrub, distinguishable from the ten other 
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