30 
rice soup, and partly as bits of fat in blood puddings. After death, 
a number of young tcenias were found hooked in his intestines. 
Humbert of Geneva, not content with that evidence, on the 11th 
December, 1854, himself swallowed 14 fresh cystercerct. Early in 
March he had the pleasure of finding his breeding experiment 
successful. After having described several other kinds of worms 
infesting different classes of animals, Mr. Ashby passed on to con- 
sider what could be done to prevent the spread of the various 
diseases connected with the development of the entozoa. .In the 
first place, beyond all doubt, the thing most to be regarded is 
never to eat badly cooked or underdone meat. We have learnt a 
great deal from the investigation of the entozoa by German savans, 
but, perhaps, we have learnt more by the consequences of the 
German taste for par-boiled sausage meat. The diseases connected 
with the developement of the trichina have flourished as epidemics 
in a manner wholly unknown in this country. But we are not free 
to boast in this country. During this last winter numbers of hams 
have been imported into London, from America, full of tcenia cysts. 
These, probably, being the cheaper kinds, find their way into the 
cook shops, and it is a well known fact that they are not 
thoroughly cooked, for the simple reason that, during that process, 
they lose weight. And after all it is very doubtful if the tempera- 
ture rises above 150 degrees inside, while it may be at the boiling 
point outside. A temperature under the boiling point is insufficient 
to destroy the cysts. In the next place, it is the duty of the 
authorities to take all suitable measures to prevent cattle and pigs 
from becoming infected. It is a well known fact that pigs hailing 
from Ireland and America are far more diseased than from our own + 
counties of Yorkshire and Berkshire. The reason is not far to 
find. Where sanitary arrangements are neglected, and human 
filth deposited all over the place, and pigs allowed to wander far 
and free in search of food, it can be no wonder that there is plenty 
of measly pork to be found. Referring to the pigs of India, which 
consumed all the offal and excreta of the Indian villages, Mr. 
Ashby read an extract from Dr. Gordon, and argued that it needed 
no divine revelation to forbid Israelite or Mussulman the use of 
pork. It is interesting, too, to note the sanitary conditions of 
Iceland, where Eschricht, writing in 1863, says that the freedom 
from tapeworms is the exception rather than the rule, and that at 
least one-sixth of the whole population are infested with hydatids. 
Each peasant keeps from six to eight dogs, which live together 
within the bosom of the family, in the close and filthy huts. I 
have only ventured this evening to bring before your notice some 
of the commoner and most readily studied of the entozoa. It was 
quite out of the question for me to give a description that should 
embrace more. To write the natural history of the entozoa would 
be to write the natural history of the animal kingdom. According 
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