Highest Types of Human Form. 71 



more intelligent and necessarily migratory races which finally 

 prevail. , 



It is no purpose of my present paper to discuss mans 

 progressive evolution from a lower animal type than man, — this 

 has already heen done by numerous philosophers, headed by the 

 late Charles Darwin ; neither is it my purpose to correlate the 

 higher types of man with savages, to point out variations inter- 

 mediate between the highly civilized races and the more animal 

 types, — this has already been done, to the satisfaction of natura- 

 lists generally, by Mr. Wallace, Mr. Komains, and others. But 

 it will be necessary briefly to refer to such work as we find 

 generally accepted by naturahsts, to point out the direction in 

 which the changes I wish to note in the progressive form of man 

 have taken place, and carried man in his later development 

 (as possibly at all former periods), farther and farther from 

 some common animal type. 



We may briefly define the laws affecting man's form, which 

 the evolutionist has apparently established to the satisfaction of 

 the modern naturalist, as — 



1. That his development is progressive from the embryo to 

 the perfect form. Thus, assuming man originally derived fi-om 

 a lower animal type, then through his first life period in an early 

 foetal state until his perfect manhood, he moves progressively to 

 more man-like proportions. Therefore, on this principle, the 

 child is nearer to the lower animal form than the adult. 



2. That the progress or variation made by the parents is 

 afterwards transmitted in a certain degree to the offsprmg, so 

 that the offspring may be in a state to attain as high a develop- 

 ment as the parent. 



3. That quahties or powers which are practised advantageously 

 to the being will be accelerated in development during life, and 

 those that are disadvantageous and neglected will be retarded. 



Following physical conditions only, and assuming our modern 

 manhood in its most perfect form as imitated by om- emirient 

 sculptors and painters at present to be the highest type, the pomts 

 most marked in which man has progressed from a lower or more 

 animal type of form in relation to his separate parts within 

 recent or historical times, according to representations of ancient 

 art, may be stated as follows : — 



Head. — Large frontal brain. Less retreating forehead. 

 Eelatively more backward position of the ear in the skull. 

 Smaller face. Less prominent jaws. Less projecting 

 cheek-bones. Less angle to the edges of the jaws. 

 Smaller mouth. Larger chin. 



Body. — Greater entire stature. Greater differences in the 



