234 On the Occurrence of Mammalian Remains near Purley. 
3. Small pebbles with a little sand, forming a very dry loose 
bed, 1 ft. 6 in. to 2 ft. 6 in. 
4, Clay bands, 4 in. , 
5. Chalk rubble, mixed with pebbles and small subangular 
flints, 1 ft. 6 in. to 3 ft. 
6. Brick earth with a few flints, 8 ft. to 4 ft.; the total depth 
at that point being 10 ft. to 11 ft. 
From the alternations in the deposits it is evident that the 
conditions of deposition varied considerably, the pebbly bed, 
No. 3, having been deposited in swift running water, whilst the 
presence of a considerable number of flints in the brick earth 
points to a muddy flood rather than a slow deposition of sedi- 
ment. A glance at the map will show that this deposit is just 
at the junction of the Kenley valley with Smitham Bottom, so 
that it must have been almost exactly where the stream from 
the smaller valley fell into that of the larger. 
As shown in section No. 2, taken east-north-east and west- 
south-west across the main valley, the deposit lying at a consider- 
able height above the bottom of the valley, a very considerable 
amount of denudation must have taken place after the beds in 
question had been deposited. Bak 
A very considerable number of bones have been found, but 
they are very fragmentary, and have not yet been identified ; but 
all or almost all have been taken from the lowest bed of brick 
earth, No. 6 in the section. The principal specimens are— 
1. Tusk of Elephas primigenius. 
2. Horn of Bos primigenius (?). 
3. Molar of Elephas primigenius. 
4. Ditto. ditto. 
And what, I believe, is tibia of some species of Hlephas. 
The latter was almost perfect when found, but, having un- 
fortunately to be removed in very wet weather, it was found 
impossible to preserve it, the bone, when in situ, being very 
spongy and friable. The portions preserved, however, show that 
it was in remarkably good condition, having suffered little or no 
damage during deposition. From its appearance associated with 
flints in the brick earth, it is very evident that it was deposited 
in a very strong rush of flood water, whilst the clean pebble 
bed overlying it also giving evidence of a very rapid stream, we 
may, I think, infer that the streams of the period when the deposit 
took place were large and rapid, or the rainfall exceedingly heavy. 
The colour of the bones, especially of the tusk, is remarkably 
light, whether from having been washed out of deposits of chalk 
gravels, such as the bones exhibited by Dr. Hinde at our last 
meeting, I cannot say, but the very perfect condition suggests 
that the remains in question were primary deposits, whilst the 
bones were fresh, and not derived from any gravels. 
