Proceedings. XIX 
flowers, adapted for insect fertilization, and this mode of growth 
carries the flowers well above the surface of the water, so that flying 
insects can gain access to them. 
Willows were plentiful by the margin of the river and ditches, 
among them being observed the male of the common tree willow, the 
erack willow (Salix fragilis). Even without the catkins, the male of 
the crack willow is easily distinguished by its foliage, the leaves being 
much broader than those of the female, darker green and shining}; it 
is, however, readily recognizable as belonging to the same species by 
the twigs, when bent, snapping off with a straight fracture where they 
join the parent branch, a character peculiar to this species of willow. 
The male of this willow and of the allied species, Salix alba, is much 
less common than the female; the long rows of pollard willow trees 
by the sides of streams and watercourses which form so prominent a 
feature in the landscape in many low-lying districts generally con- 
sisting of female trees. Hence the ripe fruit and cottony seeds are 
more rarely seen on these willows than on other species, as the 
sallows, Salix cinerea and caprea (in which the male catkins, the 
well-known ‘‘ palms,” are of frequent occurrence), or on the osiers and 
the creeping willow, Salix repens. Orchis Morio, Scirpus sylvaticus, 
Ranunculus hederaceus, and the yellow water lily were also found. 
Notes on the Club Hacursion on June 22nd to Woldingham and 
Oxted. (By Mr. H. T. Mennett, F.L.S.)—This excursion was well 
attended, being attractive to both geologists and botanists: the 
former, under the leadership of Mr. Robarts, and the botanists under 
that of Mr. Mennell. Many plants of interest were gathered, includ- 
ing all the usual representatives of the chalk flora. Orchises were, of 
course, abundant, including the bee (Ophrys apifera), the butterfly 
(Habenaria chloroleuca), the large helleborine (Cephalanthera grandt- 
flora), Orchis pyramidalis, O. maculata, and Listera ovata, Atropa 
. Belladonna (the deadly nightshade), Chlora perfoliata, Erythrea Cen- 
taurvum, Verbascum nigrum, Cynoglossum officinale, Scrophularia 
aquatica, Hchiwm vulgare, may also be mentioned; but the most inte- 
resting plants gathered were Myosotis sylvatica and the rare Euphorbia 
'Hsula, which has been previously recorded from the same locality. 
Hecursion on July 6th to Keston Common and Holwood Park, 
conducted by Dr. H. Franklin Parsons, who reports :—‘‘ By the kind 
permission of the Hari of Derby, the party—unfortunately not a very 
large one—had an opportunity of seeing parts of this beautiful and 
historic park not ordinarily open to the public. The park is undulating 
and well wooded, and the fine velvety turf contains a varied assort- 
ment of wild plants, among them being noticed some species, such as 
the rock rose and the bee orchis, more usually met with upon chalk 
downs than on gravelly soils, such as that in Holwood Park. Several 
notable trees were seen, as Wilberforce’s Oak, an ancient oak, under 
which, as the philanthropist records in a passage of his journal, which 
is engraved on a neighbouring stone seat, he formed the intention to 
move for the abolition of the slave trade; another fine oak, called 
Pitt’s Oak; and a large beech tree, called the Twelve Apostles, with 
twelve stems joined at the base. But the most remarkable of all is a 
tree formed of a yew and an oak, of which the trunks have completely 
coalesced, each, however, sending out its own branches, those of the 
