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2.—Nortss on A Section or Cuay with Fuints near WoLDINGHAM. 
By N. F. Rosarts, F.G.S. 
(Read May 19th, 1903.) 
Tue recent excavations upon the crest of the escarpment of 
the North Downs slightly to the north-west of Oxted Chalk 
Quarry, made during the construction of the new fort at that 
spot, have afforded an opportunity for examination of a section 
which may be usefully recorded, as not only are sections of any 
depth uncommon upon the higher parts of the Downs, but the 
position chosen for the excavation has fortunately been one 
which geologically has some features of peculiar interest. 
The higher parts of the Chalk, in the district referred to, are 
covered with ‘‘Clay with Flints,” as shown on the Survey map; 
for the Clay having been removed by denudation during the 
erosion of the valleys, is now only found on the intervening 
hills. 
Sections in the Upper Chalk almost invariably lead to the 
discovery of ‘‘ pipes,”’ the contents of which inform us as to the 
strata originally overlying the Chalk; and those members who 
a year or two ago visited the Kingswood cutting on the Chipsted 
Valley Railway will recollect the grand show of ‘pipes’’ filled 
with Thanet Sand and other Lower Tertiaries which was then 
visible in the cutting. 
The fort at Woldingham, in making the foundations of which 
the section I am about to describe was exposed, lies at an 
elevation of 860 ft. O. D., and the only Tertiary bed known near 
it is the small outlier of Oldhaven pebbles and sand about 
200 yards to the south-east. The bed of pebbles appeared to 
be of no great depth, probably not more than 10 or 15 ft., 
and is therefore probably but a remnant of the original bed, 
which—a mile to the south, at Worms Heath—has a thickness 
of 40 ft., if the pebble-beds were continuous over this area, about 
which I have some doubt. 
This outlier appeared on the western side to contain a bed of 
sand, but the ground has been so disturbed by digging for gravel 
that it was almost impossible in the present state of the section to 
