By the Rev. A. C. Smith. 133 



hunting grounds.^ For the same reason they interred earthen 

 vessels containing provision for the journey, a sort of viaticum 

 that they might not faint by the way.^ 



These vessels have been arranged into four classes by Mr. 

 Bateman,^ than whom no one can speak with more authority or 

 experience of Celtic pottery: and he tells us they were either* 

 (1.) Cinerary urnn, such as have contained, or been inverted over, 

 calcined human bones : (their characteristics are, large size ; with a 

 deep overhanging border : decorated with circular punctures and 

 impressions of a herring bone pattern; half burnt; very thick; 

 of a brown colour outside, but inside always black, and often 

 showing marks, indicating that their contents were deposited in a 

 glowing state). Or (2) Incense cups, of doubtful purpose, but only 

 found with calcined bones, and often enclosed in urns of the first 

 class : (they were of diminutive size, and sometimes had two per- 

 forations on the side, as if for suspension). Or (3) small vases, with 

 a wide mouth, and a narrow bottom, intended to contain food : 

 generally found with unburnt bodies, though not unfrequently 

 with burnt bones, but never containing them. Or (4) drinking 

 cups, of a tall shape, contracted in the middle, globular below, and 

 expanding at the mouth, which contained liquid for the use of the 



* This was a common custom in ancient times, Thucydides i., 8. Sophocles 

 Ajax 577. Homer's Iliad xxiv., 18. It was practised by Tario\is Asiatic 

 nations, as the numerous barrows in Southern and Eastern llussia have demon- 

 strated : and was very anciently in use in America, a practice continued amongst 

 the Indians to this day. Bloomlield's Thucydides, i., p. 24. 



' That this too was a practice in the ancient Chaldsean nation, has been made 

 clear by the universal discovery in the tombs, of vessels for food, as well as jars 

 and other drinking vessels. [Rawlinson's Ancient Monarchies, vol. i. p. 110, 

 135.] 



* Author of Ten years diggings in Celtic and Saxon grave-hills in the counties 

 of Derby, Stafford and York, from 1848, to 1858, London, 1861. 



On the Celtic barrows and urns see " The New Forest" by John "Wise (Smith 

 and Elder), chapter xvii. pp. 196 — 212, and above all Sir R. Hoare's Ancient 

 Wilts, passim, especially vol. i., p. 25, 26, 77. 



* Compare Sir R. Hoare's Ancient "Wilts 2 vols. 



(1) Cinerary Urns vol. i., p. 126, 167. ii., 11, 90. 



(2) Incense Cups vol. i., p. 25, 199, 209. 



(3) Small Vases vol. i., p. 46, 102, 124. ii., 90, 



(4) Drinking Cups \o\. i., p. 205, 211. ii., 98. 



