172 The Geology of the Berks 8f Hants Extension, 



Below fhe peat in the bed of the stream at Buckleaze, many antlers 

 of the red deer were found, some of them were of a very large size. 

 In the cutting near Pewsey Workhouse, the Upper-green-sand is 

 of a coarser, looser nature, than that hitherto met with, and is 

 totally devoid of fossils. It exhibits much cross stratification, and 

 in places is thickly traversed in all directions by the borings of 

 some annelid. They are from i of an inch to | an inch in diameter, 

 and are filled in with white sand, while the surrounding sand is of a 

 dark green colour: 



The Upper-green-sand throughout the cutting is capped with a 

 bed of clayey gravel from 4 to 15 feet thick, lying on a surface 

 eroded into gullies. The gravel consists of about one half clay 

 mixed with greensand, and the rest angular flints, with a few 

 Tertiary pebbles, and rolled fragments of Lydian stone and Hce- 

 matite. Sarsen stones also occur in it, generally at or near the 

 bottom of the gravel. The finer materials show signs of stratifica- 

 tion,. In the gravel were found several molars of the Mammoth ^ 

 (Elephas primigenius,) a.udi oi i\iQ Horse ^ (Equus Fossilis.) They 

 were much decayed, nothing remaining but the enamel plates, with 

 hardl}' enough of the cement to hold them together. I m3'self 

 extracted the Radius and Ulna of a Horse, ^ attached to each 

 other and lying by themselves. No other bones were preserved, but 

 a ievf small pieces seemed to indicate that others had been met with. 

 The highest part of the gravel exposed in the cutting, is 67 feet 

 above the stream at Shercot, and 57 feet above the stream at Buck- 

 leaze. We have evidence here then that in the Post-pliocene 

 period, when the Mammouth and Fossil Horse lived, the streams 

 flowed at a higher lever than they now do by 67 feet. Gradually 

 since that time, by fluviatile action, the courses of the streams have 

 been lowered to their present level, leaving here and tliere terraces 

 of gravel to mark successive stages in the excavation of their vallies. 

 The cutting near Woodborough, half a mile to the East of Wood- 

 borough Station, is remarkable for its sponges. The level compared 

 with that of the base of the chalk to the north, seems to indicate 



• Now in the Museum tf (he Wiltshire Society, 

 'ditto •flitto 



