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spectator, eitlier from above or beneath, would be too equal to form a 

 pleasing result. No exact height need be given, but, as a guide for all 

 open prospects which present great distances at a low level, it would be 

 well to assign the horizon a position not exceeding, say, one-third the 

 height of the picture above the base line, where it would give greater 

 variety to the lines running from the spectator, and altogether form a 

 more pleasing and agreeable composition. For pictures taken from an 

 elevation, the space from base to horizon would perhaps occupy three- 

 quarters of the height of the composition, or possibly even more ; but let 

 me hero remark that the greatest care should be exercised in determining 

 the height of the horizontal line, as it is on reference to its relative 

 position that an intelligent observer would recognise at once the altitude 

 from which the picture was taken. It is equally necessary to bear this 

 in mind when making "slides" or trimming prints to guard against 

 cutting off more of the foreground than the sky, thereby reducing the 

 height of your horizon, and in consequence falsifying your picture. 



Having decided on your horizontal line, it is necessary now to note the 

 direction taken by the other lines, which are regulated by the position of 

 the "point of sight." 



Point of Sight. 

 The point of sight is always situated, as you are aware, opposite the 



lye on the horizontal line. You will remember the fact that objects are 

 scan by means of rays of light proceeding in straight lines, some of which 

 meet at the eye of the observer ; and I need only point out that, supposing 

 that observer should choose the centre of a long, straight, and level street 



