
in the Drift of the Valley of the Avon. 231 
edge, so as easily to scrape off the subcutaneous fat they were pro- 
bably intended to remove. It is interesting to note that this 
peculiar shape of skin-scraper may be traced down to a much 
later period—they occur amongst the worked flints from the sur- 
face at Yorkshire and other parts of England, examples of which 
may be seen in the Blackmore Museum. The implements hitherto 
found in the drift (disregarding the flakes), have been classed by 
Mr. Evans under two heads, viz.; the pointed or spear-head form, 
and the oval. The first class is of an elongated, somewhat spear- 
head shape, and naturally falls into two sub-divisions. 
A. Those having one end either unworked or purposely trimmed 
into a thick butt, giving in fact a pear-shaped form. In some cases 
a smooth rounded nodule of flint has been selected and the original 
crust carefully preserved; in other instances the same want has 
been admirably supplied by a weil worn Eocene pebble. These 
specimens were in all probability used in the hand unmounted, 
whilst the spear-head type would have been much more useful 
when attached to the end of a stout stick. 
B. Those chipped rather thin at the less pointed extremity: a 
form which often gradually passes into the oval type. 
In the second class the flints are usually thin, convex on both 
sides, and chipped to a tolerable cutting edge all round: this type 
and the broad worked flakes, are more characteristic of the low 
than of the high level gravels. 
It must not be supposed that these types are always distinct and 
well defined; much appears to have depended upon the natural 
form and adaptability of the flint selected, much doubtless to the 
purpose each was intended to serve. 
The weapons and tools of Sir John Lubbock’s “ neolithic ”’ or later 
stone period, although often manufactured from flint, are more 
frequently made from various other hard stones of the localities in 
which they occur, such as Syenite, greenstone, clay-slate, &e. ; 
this however is not the case with the drift implements, which are 
almost without exception, made from flints derived directly from 
the chalk. Milford Hill has proved a slight exception to this 
general rule, a small oval specimen from this locality being com- 
