By the Rev. W. H. Jones. 53 
Kings, snch as Rufus, Beauclerc, and Ceur de Lnon, are 
illustrations of this custom. 
Latrmer,—the holder of Ponsperre (Pomeroy, near, Bradford-on 
Avon) in the time of Domesday was Osmund Latimar (W. 
Domesd. p. 130). The origin of the word would seem to 
be Latin-arius (~JZatin-er ;)—one, that is, whose skill in 
Latin was presumed to enable him to understand other 
languages. Sometimes we have IJnterpres used as a 
synonym of Latimar. Blount says “ Beneath Whittington 
in Shropshire, one Wrenoc, son of Meuric, held lands by 
the service of being Latimer (i.e. interpreter) between the 
English and the Welshmen. The word L/admar is used 
in the Welch version of Job xxxiii, 23, “If there be a 
messenger with him, an interpreter &c.” See Kennet’s 
Paroch. Antiq. (Glossary) :—also “England under the 
Normans,” (p. 20). 
Mavpvuit,—In W. Domesday (p. 122) Gunfrid Waddoith (or 
Malduit) is recorded as the holder of CaLestoneE (Calstone). 
In the Exon Domesday the name is written Gunfridus 
Maledoctus i.e. the “ill-taught,” or “ unlearned,” in 
fact, as we might say colloquially, the “dunce.” The 
Mauduit family were land-holders in 1816 at or near 
Calstone. (See W. Domesd. p. 172.) 
MarsHatt ;—derived from the Marescallus, an office in the Norman 
Court corresponding with the “Steallere” and “ Hors- 
pegn” among the Anglo-Saxons, whose duties consisted 
in taking charge of everything connected with the royal 
equipments. The holders of such an office became natur- 
ally enough, in course of time, the head of the active and 
disposable military force of the palace. Originally, the 
word we now know as marshal, would not seem to have 
been an appellation necessarily of any great repute. In 
France, to this day, farriers are called mareschaux, and 
Matthew Paris in 1252, uses the word marischalcia as the 
place for putting up horses. The word as Max Miiller 
