By the Rev. Dacres Olivier, M.A. 101 
the calf and the eagle are constantly met with, and indeed their in- 
genuity in ornamentation was not inconsiderable, although their 
» west fronts when compared with a Gothic west front may be some- 
what mean. It is in the interior of the church that their skill, and 
their taste are most to be seen. The apses are very beautiful, and 
raised, as they became in later times, by the erypt being built under- 
neath, they confer on the whole of the church, of which they form a 
part, a sublimeness, and religious impressiveness which deserved imi- 
- tation. As another feature of this time—exampled in this church 
and at Verona—I must not pass by the campanile or tower, as well 
as the cloister. The campanile (originated I fancy in the East) was 
freely adopted by the Lombards—sometimes surmounting an internal 
cupola, sometimes built into the angles, and sometimes detached from 
the chureb altogether. There was a tower at Ravenna, a round one, 
as early as the time of Justinian, but inasmuch as Pope Adrian the 
First was the introducer in fact of bells into Christian churches, few 
towers could have been known before the Lombard age, connected 
with churches. 
I would call attention again to the corbel table at S. Zenone which 
was an ornamentation very favorite with the Lombards, and now 
remembering that the slender columns in the bevilled jambs of por- 
ches and windows alike, each one supporting its own round arch, 
that the use of three portals instead of one at the west end of the 
church: that the quaint and grotesque designs perceptible now, in 
pilasters and shafts of all ages—the twisted and fluted and knotted 
and the spiral, and zig zag, and scroll like—that the horse shoe, and 
trefoil and even sometimes the Gothie round arch are all of them 
Lombard points—let us proceed to our parish Church of Wilton, and 
examine carefully its style. 
We shall see I believe, a Church which you might have seen new 
in Italy in the twelfth or thirteenth century. We shall see a genuine 
Romanesque Church. A Church i.e. true in its form to the Basilica 
type, and true in its outside and inside details to Lombard art. 
There are the lofty and flat side walls pierced above and below by 
the small round windows—the western facade presenting the round 
__ wheel window, the round arched arcade, the three indented porches 
