824 The Tavern Signs of Wiltshire and their Origin. 
common sign in olden times, and is immortalized in the nursery 
rhyme :— 
‘‘ Heigh diddle diddle 
The Cat and the Fiddle; ’”’ 
but which was in reality a perversion of “ Catharine la fidéle,” wif» 
of the Russian Czar Peter the Great, who, with his Czarina, was 
immensely popular amongst landlords after his visit to England, at 
the end of the seventeenth century. Then we have the “ Hlephant 
and Castle,” at Salisbury and Trowbridge, which was no other than 
the crest of the Cutlers’ Company, who had adopted it in reference 
to the ivory used in their trade. Again, we have the famous “ Five 
Alls, at Marlborough and Chippenham, representing the king, the 
bishop, the lawyer, the soldier, and the British farmer, with their 
several mottoes: “I govern all;” “I pray for all;” “I plead for 
all;” “TI fight for all;” “I pay for all: ” and it is amusing to 
learn that this symbol on a tavern in London becoming almost 
obliterated and requiring to be newly painted, the artist who under- 
took to renew the sign-board, finding himself unequal to depict so 
. many human figures, overcame the difficulty by substituting five 
shoemakers’ awls, and inscribing it as the “ Five Awls! ” 
But again, we have one sign of the “ Mermaid,” at Christian 
Malford, which was also formerly a very favorite device ; two of the 
equally favorite “ Zulbot,”’ at Mere, and Quemerford, near Calne ; 
and one of the very old sign of the “ Windmill, at Collingbourne 
Kingston. 
(8) There are still a certain number of signs which have not 
fallen under the heads of any of the above divisions, and which I class 
together under the head of “ Miscedlaneous.”” Thus, the “ Patriotic ” 
may comprise the “ British Ion,” at Devizes; the True Heart,” at 
Bishopstone, near Shrivenham; the “ Patriot Arms,” at Chiseldon ; 
and the “ Union,” at Swindon; the latter a very favorite sign at 
one period of our history, originating with the union of Ireland with 
England. 
Then the “ Astronomical” will embrace the “ Suu,’ seven times 
repeated ; the “ Rising Sun,” six times; the “ Star,” twice, and the 
