230 Stonehenge and its Barrows. 



whose honour the barrow was . erected." In August, 1866, Dr. 

 Thurnam opened the barrow at Bratton Castle, and in the moi'e 

 westerly of two larg-e oiJening-s made at the extreme east end, he 

 found, on the natural level, at a depth of 8i feet, a heap of im- 

 perfectly-burnt, or rather charred, human bones, as many, perhaps, as 

 would be left by the incineration of one or two adult bodies. Care- 

 ful search was made for an entire unburnt skeleton or skeletons, but 

 without success. Dr. Thurnam gathered from the results of the 

 examination of some long barrows in Yorkshire by Canon Greenwell 

 that in that part of the north of England " cremation was the rule 

 of the long barrows, but cremation after a singular and imperfect 

 fashion." 



Posture of Bodies in cases of Inhumation. 



(Page 165.^ 



Had Dr. Thurnam lived to write his paper on Stonehenge, he 

 • would doubtless have condensed for it his two valuable papers in vols, 

 xlii. and xliii. of the " Archseologia/' and have done it in a more 

 systematic manner than the writer has done. The latter, anxious not 

 extend his paper to an undue length, has touched very lightly on 

 some veiy interesting matters connected with the barrow-burial 

 around Stonehenge, and amongst others, upon the position of bodies 

 in cases of inhumation. He gladly takes advantage of this printing 

 of " Addenda " to give some more information upon this subject than 

 the slight mention of it made at page 165. Sir R. Hoare says 

 "Ancient Wilts," i., 24) :— 



"The second mode of burying the body entire is evidently proved 

 to be of a much later period, by the position of the head and body, 

 and by the articles deposited with them. In this case we find the body 

 extended at full length, the heads placed at random in a variety of 

 directions, and instruments of iron accompan;y'ing them. 



" Two modes of cremation seem also to have been adopted ; at 

 first the body was burnt, the ashes and bones collected, and dei^osited 

 on the floor of the barrow, or in a cist excavated in the native 

 chalk. This being the most simjile, was probably the most primitive 

 custom practised by the Ancient Britons. The funeral urn^ in which 



