First Earl of Pembroke of the Present Creation. 121 



This was not the first connection of the Herberts with the Talbots, 

 Lord Pembroke himself, after the death of his first wife, Anne Parr, 

 had married Anne, daughter of George, the fourth Earl of Shrews- 

 bury, widow of Peter Compton, ancestor of the present Northampton 

 family. Of this marriage there was no issue ; this lady lived till 

 1588, and was buried at Erith, in Kent. 



It was not only in military affairs that Pembroke was employed 

 by the queen. After the fall of Calais great distress was prevalent 

 amongst the merchant staplers, petitions for relief were sent to the 

 Government, and these were referred to the Earl of Pembroke to 

 report upon. He was also, with many others, interested in the 

 commercial ventures of this period ; the command of the sea and the 

 restless spirit of adventure abroad was beginning to lay the foun- 

 dation of the commercial prosperity of England. In March, 1563, 

 a warrant was issued for delivery of the ship Jesus of Lubeck, lent 

 by the queen to the Earl of Pembroke, Lord Dudley and others 

 for a voyage. In October 1565, certificates are granted by officers 

 of the Admii'alty for allowing the acceptance of £500 for use of the 

 ship Jesus, now returned, which had been granted to the Earls of 

 Pembroke and Leicester, for a voyage to the coasts of Africa and 

 America. 



About this time Pembroke's health began again to fail, in Sept., 

 1564. Clough, in a letter to Chaloner, says, " The Earl of Pembroke 

 lies at God's mercy.'' And again, in a letter written by Pembroke 

 to Leicester and Cecil, from Basingstoke, he alludes to his own ill 

 health. In the summer of 1567 the distress amongst the manu- 

 facturers of the Low Countries was so great that they applied to 

 Pembroke and Cecil in their extremity, and several manufactures 

 were introduced into this country. There is a tradition that carpet 



fille marier. See a letter of his on the subject, dated from Coldharbour, March 

 1562-3, in Lodge's Illustrations of British History, i. 348 ; followed by an 

 account of the sums collected in the counties of York, Nottingham, and Derby, 

 which amounted to £321 7s. 6d. This was one of the many sei^vices anciently 

 exacted from tenants in capite ; it could only be claimed on the marriage of the 

 eldest daughter of the lord, in like manner as the ayde pouv jilz Chevalier was 

 on the knighthood of the eldest son. These tenm-es were abolished by the Act, 

 12th Charles II. 



