74 ; The Names of Places in Wiltshire. 
limiting the meaning to a particular portion of such settlement 
or neighbourhood. The difference between the Celtic and Teutonic 
languages in respect of compound names has already been noticed 
(see above § 2), and therefore the remark need not here be repeated 
or exemplified. 
In speaking of one class of Celtie Names—those comparatively 
few, in which to a word found in use the Teutonic settlers added 
their own terminations (see above § 3 c.)—we assumed that the 
general purport of such “ endings”? was understood. Now however 
that we are discussing names, in which one or other of them almost 
invariably occurs, it will be well to give a more exact account of 
the meaning of those which are most common. 
Tim. This ordinarily in terminations assumes the form of Ton. 
The word originally denotes any enclosure, great or small. 
From it is derived the verb fynan (= 1o enclose). Hence 
the Wiltshire words Garston, (g@rs-tén) literally “ grass- 
enclosure,” and Timing, which denotes “ enclosed ground.” 
The word is applied to areas of the most varying extent, a 
garden, a court, a village,a town. In most cases perhaps 
our word “ village” would be its best interpretation. Indeed 
what in our authorized version of the Bible is translated 
“ go ye into the village over against you, &c.” (Luke xix., 30), 
is in Tyndale’s version (1526), translated “ goo ye into the 
towne, &c.” The village of Bethany moreover is called 
(John, xi., 1) “the town of Mary and her sister Martha.” 
The very common word Barton, which is applied to the 
buildings enclosed within a rick-yard, and also to any small 
enclosed court or yard, is originally Bere-tin, 1.e., literally 
corn-town or enclosure. 
89. Ham. This word also, like the preceding, means that which 
surrounds, encloses, ems, or defends something. The word 
itself occurs as a local name—spelt in the charter HammE 
(Cod. Dipl., 1220)—on the eastern border of the county, 
not far from Hungerford. Leo tells us, that, according to 
Grimm, it is connected with an obsolete root Aiman, which 
must have signified to “enclose.” He adds, from Outzen’s 
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