E. W. BERGER ON THE CUBOMEDUS2. 11 
one or all of the clubs was the strange behavior of the proboscis. 
This would reach from side to side, expanding and contracting its 
lips as if trying to grasp something. This behavior is very similar to 
that of the proboscis of Tiaropsis indicans when Romanes stimulated 
any part of its subumbrella, or of Limnocodium sorbii, a little fresh- 
water medusa, when he stimulated its margin or the region of the 
radial canals. (Ib., p. 242.) 
I may add that I observed a very similar movement of the 
proboscis of the Olindiad, before mentioned. When I pulled off pieces 
of its gonads by means of quick jerks, with a small forceps, it would 
continually reach toward the injured part of its subumbrella. This 
medusa is generally quite active with its proboscis and can occasion- 
ally be seen to reach with it. 
Romanes states in one place that the proboscis is not affected by the 
excision of the margin. This is evidently not the case in Charybdea, 
in which excision of the sensory clubs (which really belong to the 
margin—see ‘‘Cubomeduse”) decidedly stimulated the proboscis to 
active movements. This, furthermore, points to the marginal bodies 
as being organs of considerable importance in giving information in 
the life of Charybdea. In Romanes’ Sarsia and other meduse, however, 
the proboscis did respond to the stimulation of the tentacles and the 
marginal bodies, as also would the bell respond to a stimulation of 
the proboscis (manubrium), thus showing a reflex nervous connection 
between these regions of the bell, similar to that described for 
Charybdea. 
Velarium and Frenula—Experiments 18, 29, 30, 41c.—‘“‘The power 
of originating contractions” to use Conant’s own words, “evidently 
resides in the velarium or in ganglion cells of the frenula, just 
as it does in the proboscis and the floor of the stomach.” Isolated 
pieces of the velarium contracted by themselves as did the whole 
velarium when all other tissue had been removed. An isolated velarium 
with the margin and the pedalia attached gave irregular contractions. 
When the pedalia with the interradial ganglia were removed it still 
contracted; and when all the other tissue was cut off contractions 
continued. 
Cutting the velarium caused the pedalia to be strongly contracted 
inwards so that the tentacles were brought inside the bell. Cutting 
away the velarium did not interfere with the pulsations of the bell, 
but progress was much retarded. 
