E. W. BERGER ON THE CUBOMEDUS. ills 
could pulsate well enough but with little progress. (See above under 
Velarium and Frenula.) 
An isolated tentacle is capable of squirming contractions, and 
when stimulated at either end, it would contract wholly or in part 
only. 
The pedalia, then, it would seem, serve also as a steering apparatus, 
for which they are admirably fitted, considering their blade-like 
thinness. 
Considering, now, the reflexes noted. under this head and the 
preceding one, we find that there is an intimate nervous connection 
between the velarium and frenula, subumbrella, sensory clubs, nerve, 
and a single pedalium, on the one hand, and the pedalia on the other 
hand. This is born out fully, furthermore, by the histological evidence 
—(See Introduction and ‘“ Cubomeduse”). Considering the subumbral 
plexus of ganglion cells and fibers, including the velarium and the 
frenula, which is in connection with the nerve ring and this again 
with the sensory clubs and the interradial gangha at the bases of 
the pedalia, we have a basis for these reflexes. While Conant failed 
to demonstrate nerves (‘““Cubomeduse”) from the interradial ganglia 
to the pedalia, yet, that a nervous connection exists between the 
pedalia and the bell is well shown by his physiological experiments. 
I have, furthermore, demonstrated ganglion cells under the ectoderm 
of the tentacles (see Histology). 
Romanes obtained quite similar results in the Hydromeduse. He 
found that when a tentacle of Sarsia was slightly stimulated, it alone 
would contract, but when it was more strongly stimulated the other 
tentacles also would respond as also the manubrium. I find no evidence 
in Conant’s notes of any such response of the manubrium of Charybdea, 
except when the clubs were cut off. 
The reflex obtained on stimulating the subumbrella of Charybdea, 
when the pedalia would contract, is somewhat different from that 
obtained by Romanes, who found that the most sensitive part of the 
subumbrella in producing a reflex of the margin was at the junction 
of the manubrium to the bell and that the subumbrella below this 
point did not give the reflex. 
Stomach, Suspensoria, Proboscis, Subumbrella—Experiments 12, 18, 
19, 24-26, 29, 31—The proboscis and the stomach with the phacelli 
when cut out, contracted with or without the lips removed. The 
isolated lips also contracted (twitched). 
