58 



below, and in the female ; the sub-marginal blackish spots are 

 much less conspicuous than the extra-mesial series, while in 

 Labrador specimens they are usually the same. On the hind 

 wings, the differences are more marked, especially in the female, 

 where the markings are, as it were, blended ; this effect is 

 mostly produced by the white spots surmounting the extra-mesial 

 series of black markings, which, in Labrador specimens, are 

 almost wholly confined to the basal side of the spots, while in the 

 Greenland individuals, not only do the white markings extend 

 closer to the mesial baud, but follow down the sides of the spots 

 and extend along the nervures, narrowing as they go, almost to 

 the outer border ; thus the saffron which visually follows these 

 spots on the outer side, in Labrador specimens, is almost wholly 

 interchanged for whitish in the Greenland forms. 



The principal differences, then, between these far northern 

 representatives of the species and the typical Labrador forms 

 consist in a dulling or fading of the colors and of the colorational 

 contrasts, a partial suffusion of the markings, and a more or less 

 conspicuous infuscation of the wings by a sprinkling of sordid 

 or griseous scales. Expanse of wings, $ 40 mm., $ 43 mm. 



This butterfly was first described by Boisduval, as coming 

 from " Cap Nord ; " afterwards it is quoted by him from the 

 same place and from the Norwegian Alps ; and again, in his 

 Icones, from " la partie la plus septentrlonale de la Laponie, au 

 Cap Nord, et au Labrador." No other author, as far as I have 

 noticed, records it from Europe. Staudinger, in his catalogue, 

 gives as localities : " Labr. ; ? Lap. s.? ; ? Sib. s. or," showing 

 that he knows it only from Labrador. Moschler gives it only 

 from Labrador. Schilde does not record it in his exhaustive 

 catalogue of N. Finland Lepidoptera, and it is not given as an 

 inhabitant of Greenland, either by Staudinger in his list of 

 Greenland Lepidoptera, or by Schiodte in Rinks's Greenland. 

 Dr. Packard says that in Labrador it is found from Square 

 Island, i. e. from the northernmost point of the Straits of Belle 

 Isle, northward. It is probably an exclusively American in- 

 sect, confined to the coldest regions, or u barren lands,"' and 

 excluding the southern peninsula of Greenland. Boisduval says 

 he received his specimens from Sommer and Eschscholtz, the 



