139 



morpha buprestoides the glands have the same appearance, and 

 though comparatively slenderer, reach likewise the extremity 

 of the mesothorax. 



My examination of these genera, in which the odoriferous 

 glands prove so conspicuous, made it seem very remarkable that 

 they had hitherto been overlooked in Phasmidae ; for although 

 the anatomical researches of Miiller and Brandt upon Bacteria 

 ferula (Fabr.) had reference principally to certain features of 

 the nervous system, yet the former at least touches upon other 

 parts of its structure, and even gives a detailed drawing of the 

 alimentary canal, the anterior part of which, with its salivary 

 glands, would have been quite concealed by the odoriferous 

 glands, were they as conspicuous in that species as in those 

 above mentioned. In such a case Miiller could not have over- 

 looked them. Leidy, too, in his account of the anatomy of 

 Dlapheromera femorata (Say), makes no mention whatever of 

 parts such as are described above, or, indeed, of any special 

 glands. An examination of the latter species, however, in 

 which the foramina are very minute, shows that the glandulae 

 odoriferas are present, although they are inconspicuous and 

 do not occupy the position along the dorsum in which they are 

 found in Autolyca and Anisomorpha. They consist of a pair of 

 small obovate or subfusiform sacs, one on each side of the pro- 

 thorax, about a millimetre in length, and half a millimetre in 

 width, with a short and very slender duct opening exteriorly, 

 as in the other genera ; these sacs are directed inwai'd and a 

 little downward, and scarcely reach the oesophagus at all. Should 

 a similar feature hold in Bacteria ferula, as is probable from the 

 relationship of the two insects, we need not be surprised to find 

 it overlooked in the dissection of an alcoholic specimen, such 

 as Miiller must have had, especially when the object of his 

 investigation was to trace a portion of the nervous system. 



Should foramina repugnatoria, with odoriferous glands, be 

 found in all Phasmidae, it might at first be thought probable 

 that they would also be discovered in other Orthoptera. It 

 should, however, be remembered that all the other groups pos- 

 sess already means of active defense. Thus the saltatorial 

 families have the power of leaping to great distances by means 



