BARBADOS-ANTIGUA EXPEDITION 125 
other culminating eminences of the island. To the extreme left 
as we faced the sea stood Pico Teneriffe close to the Atlantic 
guarding the northern approach to the valley. To the extreme 
right the escarpment is still more rugged and frowns down 
from nearly 1000 feet upon the shore line less than a mile away. 
This part of the cliff is called Hackleton’s Cliff. The abrupt 
declivities from the escarpment to the sea have given opportu- 
nity for running water to accomplish erosion on a scale much 
more gigantic than one would expect on so small and low an 
island. Landslides of tremendous proportions are not rare. In 
the farther flatter parts of the valley were little farmsteads, 
ribbon-like dark roads, the tiny railroad and its terminus at St. 
Andrew, while only two or three miles away was the white line 
of the surf beating away at the foot of Chalky Mount. This 
view, for one sitting in the delightful breeze, was one of the finest 
of the summer. 
The island of Barbados is surrounded by coral reefs which 
encirele it except on the windward side; these reefs extend in 
some eases to three miles seaward. The fact that very little 
sediment is carried into the sea from the land except opposite 
the Seotland District is in favor of coral growth. Pelican Island 
is made up of coral sand and before the artificial sea-wall was 
constructed it was scarcely above the level of the waves. At low 
tide it is an example of a land-tied island being connected with 
the mainland by a deposit built up by the waves and currents. 
A representative series of fossils was made from the limestone 
exposures in and near Bridgetown. The best collections were 
made in a quarry on the Hawkins estate at about the 200 foot 
level above the sea; specimens were also obtained in the quarry 
operated by Mr. Charles Knight, north of Bridgetown and in. the 
walls of the cutting along Industry Road; in fact, nearly every 
exposure, natural or artificial, about the level of these just 
mentioned yielded good fossils. The fossils are chiefly corals 
and molluses with occasional representatives of the echini and 
crustaceans. Many of the forms collected are quite the same as 
those living near the shore of Barbados to-day. No special effort 
was made to secure a large collection of the corals, since the 
forms occurring have been exhaustively studied by Dr. Greg- 
ory of England; it is hoped that a representative of each species 
