1 1 8 Southern Cross. 



A male killed on the 21st of November has a curious patch of 

 white feathers on the nape. 



The Adelia Penguin apparently does not extend its range far to 

 the north of the Antarctic Circle, and the exact habitat is given by 

 Mr. Howard Saunders as follows : — " This is the black-headed species 

 found in immense ' rookeries ' on Victoria Land and Adelie Land, as 

 well as in the area round Louis Philippe and Graham Lands, and at 

 the South Shetland Islands." Mr. Borchgreviuk says that the species 

 was seen soon after entering the pack-ice (p. 67). On landing at 

 Cape Adare on the 17th of February, 1899, only a few Penguins were 

 left (p. 86), and all had departed by the 14th of March (p. 105). 

 Mr. Borchgrevink mentions the 14th of October (the day of Mr. 

 Hanson's death) as the day on which the first Penguin returned 

 (p. 190), and on the 19th many arrived: "some stood at their old 

 nests, which they occasionally left to pick up pebbles, arranging them 

 about their nests (p. 190). The first eggs were gathered on the 

 3rd of November (p. 198). Mr. Borchgrevink [p. 247] says that the 

 young Penguins during the stay of his expedition at Cape Adare were 

 not so far advanced as when he first landed there (with Mr. Bull ^) 

 on the 23rd of January, 1894 \sic\. On Possession Islands on the 

 3rd of February very few Penguins were left (p. 257). Near Mount 

 Melbourne, " a small Penguin colony was thriving, and, as the young 

 ones were not so far advanced as those few which were still left at 

 Cape Adare when we departed, they did not seem to have any 

 immediate intentions of leaving their breeding-place. At all events 

 they were evidently well protected by the cone of Mount Melbourne 

 from the south " (p. 262). On Franklin Island " there were very 

 many Penguins on the peninsula, many more than were left at Cape 

 Adare when we said farewell to Camp Ptidley " (p. 268). At the 

 foot of Mount Terror, " a large Penguin colony seemed to flourish " 

 (p. 276), a pair were seen in the harbour in the ice-barrier (lat. 80° S.), 

 " who discussed our boldness with the utmost interest " (p. 286). 

 On p. 291, Mr. Borchgrevink speaks of the " hoarse scream " of the 

 Penguin. He devotes an interesting chapter to the habits of the 

 bird (pp. 198-224). 



Mr. Bernacchi's work also contains numerous references to 

 rycjoscclis adelim, part of which I have quoted. It was " very 

 common " in the ice-pack. " Once a party, headed by Lieutenant 

 Colbeck, set out across the ice to hunt some small Penguins. At 

 about the same time the Penguins set out for the party, in order 



^ See Bull's 'Cruise of the "Antarctic"'' p. 180, whore the first landing on the 

 Antarctic Continent is said to liave taken place at 1 a.m. on the 24th of January, 1895. 



