VIII 



EGHINODERMA T A— ONTOGENY 



539 



neural tuft ; the neural plate flattens out. and the larval nervous system 

 completely degenerates. 



The ectoderm cells continue to yield an intermediate substance. Many of them 

 sink below the surface, the consequence being that the distinction between the 

 body epithelium and the mesenchymatous cutis is entirely obliterated. 



Tlie vestibule becomes completely constricted off, the last remains of the aperture 

 of invagination closing. At the same time it shifts entirely to the posterior end 

 of the larva, the end which now freely projects, twisting through au angle of 90', so 

 that its thickened epithelial floor, which before lay parallel to the principal axis, now 



post 



Fio. 44!>.— Young attached larva of An- 

 tedon, forty-eight hours old, from tlui left 

 side (after Seeliger). The vestibule lui.s be- 

 come entirely con.stricted off, but the distinc- 

 tion between the calyx and the .stallv i.s not yet 

 pronounced, tai-bag, Basals ; oryor-i, orals ; 

 ih, infrabasaLs ; 1, pedal plate ; 2, parietal 

 canal ; 3, liydroco;! outgrowtlis ; 4, vestibule ; 

 5, intestinal vesicle; 6, left cojloni sac ; 7, right 

 coeloni sac ; S, calcareous joints of the stalk. 



Fig. 450. —Young attached larva of 

 Antedon, forty -eight hours after being 

 hatched, from tlie left side (after Seeliger). 

 CO, Stalk; ca, caly.x; hcii-ha-^, basals; orx-or--, 

 orals ; ih, infra basals of the left side ; 1, pedal 

 plate ; 2, hydropore ; 3, left cojlom ; 4, right 

 cojlom ; 5, joints of the stalk. 



lies at right angles to it. The larval body becomes club-shaped, the anterior body 

 forming the handle of the club. The vestibule, which continues to increase in size, 

 comprises the entire posterior part of the club (the calyx) ; it becomes pentagonal, 

 and imprints the same shape upon the whole posterior part of the body, and thus 

 first determines the radiate structure (Figs. 450, 451, and 452). 



The anterior end of the larva becomes the apical end of the stalk, the pos- 

 terior end becoming the oral side of the calyx of the attached Pentacrinus-like 

 larva. 



The hydrocoel undergoes the same twisting and shifting as the vestilmle, beneath 



