39, 
40, 
41. 
42. 
43. 
44. 
45. 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 9 
1842 Bowrrsank, J. 8. On the Siliceous Bodies of the Chalk, Greensands, 
and Oolites (Trans. Geol. Soc., Lond., 2 8., vol. vi, pp. 181—194). 
Regards the flints of the Chalk and the chert in the Greensand and Oolites 
as Sponges which have been filled in with silica, attracted by the animal matter 
of the Sponge, and not by the presence of the spicules. 
1843 Kurrstet, E. Beitriige zur geologischen Kenntniss der oestlichen Alpen. 
The Sponges are mostly calcisponges from the St. Cassian beds, which are 
placed in the same genera as those previously described by Count Miinster, 
They are regarded as coral-polyps with a structure of reticulate fibres. 
1843 Gutnitz, H. B. Die Versteinerungen von Kieslingswalda. 
New species of hexactinellids, lithistids, and probably of calcisponges from 
the lower Pliner of Plauen are placed under Cnemidium, Tragos, and Manon. 
1843 Quenstept, F. A. Das Floetzgebirge Wirttembergs. 
The Sponges from the limestone strata of the Middle White Jura, which, 
for the most part, had been already figured by Goldfuss, are here described in 
greater detail. The lattice-like, “* gitterformig,” structure of many hexacti- 
nellids is recognised, but such forms are nevertheless included with lithistids 
and calcisponges in the undefined genus Spongites. Other lithistids are placed 
under Cnemidium and Tragos. 
1843 Portrock, J. EH. Report on the Geology of Londonderry. 
Various species of Cretaceous hexactinellid and lithistid Sponges are placed 
in the genera Achilleum, Ventriculites, Scyphia, Coscinopora, and Siphonia. A 
bundle of spicular rods forming the anchoring rope of a hexactinellid Sponge 
is described as a species of Serpula. 
1845 Reuss, A. EK. Die Versteinerungen der béhmischen Kreideformation. 
The Sponges are placed under Amorphozoa. The author states that the 
genera recognised by Goldfuss are without practical value, and yet he does 
not discard them. Good detailed descriptions and figures are given of the 
various species so far as their form and canal-structures are concerned, but no 
special importance is given to their spicular structures, which are described 
as a meshwork of reticulate fibres. The species are nearly entirely of lithistid 
and hexactinellid Sponges. The genus Plocoscyphia is defined. 
1846 D’Arcutac. Description des Fossiles des environs de Bayonne (Mém. 
de la Soc. Géol. de France, 8. 2, T. 2, p. 197, Pl. V, fig. 15a; PI. 
VIII, figs. 5—7). 
Describes as a new species, Guettardia Thiolati, stated to be derived from 
Tertiary strata at Biarritz. 
