93. 
94, 
Nie 
98. 
99: 
BRITISH FOSSIL SPONGES. 
1866 Suxrss, EH. On the existence of Hyalonema in a Fossil State (Ann. and 
Mag. Nat. Hist., 3 8., vol. 18, p. 404). 
States that the Serpula parallela of the Yorkshire Mountain-Limestone is 
a true glass-rope, and that it should be named Hyalonema parallelum. 
1867 Marsu,O. C. Notice of a New Genus of Fossil Sponges from the Lower 
Silurian (Amer. Journ. Sci., 8. 2, vol. 44, p. 88). 
Describes the genus Brachiospongia, but its minute structure is not 
stated. 
. 1867 Reuss, A. E. Die Bryozoen, Anthozoen, und Spongarien des Braunen 
Jura von Balin bei Krakau (Denks. d. k. Akad. d. Wiss. Wien, 
Bd. 27). 
Five species, apparently all calcisponges, are recorded, two of them, Jerea 
biceps and Siphonocelia gregaria as new forms. 
. 1867 Rosy, Baron von. Ueber die Natur der Stromatoporen, und iiber die 
Erhaltung der Hornfaser der Spongien im fossilen Zustande. 
This work more particularly treats of forms of Stromatopora, which are 
regarded as fossilized horny Sponges. These bodies are compared with 
genuine hexactinellid and lithistid Sponges from the Chalk of Saratow, which 
are believed to have had originally skeletons of a horny nature. The silicified 
Sponges are stated to be produced by the change of horny fibre into silica. 
1868 Fiscuer, M. P. Recherches sur les Eponges perforantes fossiles 
(Nouv. Archiv. du Mus. d@ Histoire Naturelle, pp. 117—172, Pls. 
XXIV—XXxX). 
Sketches the history of these bodies, and describes and figures the known 
forms. States that Hntobia antiqua, Portlock, is most probably a Bryozoan, 
and doubts that Vioa prisca, M‘Coy, is due to a boring Sponge. 
1868 Loriot, P. pz. Monographie des Couches de l’Etage Valangien des 
earriéres d’Arzier (Matériaux pour la paléontologie Suisse, par 
Pictet). 
The forms described, judging from the figures, are all calcisponges. Only 
their superficial characters are referred to, and they are ranged according to 
the classification of Fromentel. 
1868 Kosryrscuer, A.,und Marcerar,O. UeberdieChemische Zusammensetzung 
der in dem Apatitsandstein der russischen Kreideformation vorkom- 
menden versteinerten Schwimme (Bull. de Acad. de St.-Pétersb., 
vol. xii, pp. 19, 20, 1869). 
No reference is given to the kinds of Sponges which were analysed; the 
specimens consisted principally of phosphate of lime, of a similar composi- 
tion to the fossilised wood and bones in the same deposit. 
