36 
196. 
17s 
198. 
199% 
200. 
201. 
BRITISH FOSSIL SPONGES. 
proved. Regards Protospongia and Dictyophyton as belonging to dictyonine 
hexactinellids. 
1882 Munter-Coatmas. Barroisia, n. g. des Eponges (Bulletin Soc. Géol. de 
France, 8. 3, vol. x, p. 425). 
Proposes this name for what he states is the Tubipora anastomosans, Mant. 
No other characters, but those of the outer form, are given, and there is no 
reference to the description of 7. anastomosans. 
1882 Manzont, A. Lastruttura microscopica delle Spugne silicee del Mioceni 
medio di Bologna e di Modena, pp. 1—24, Pls. I—VII. 
Describes in detail the condition of preservation, and the structural 
characters of several species of hexactinellid and lithistid Sponges, which are 
placed under Zittel’s classification. The forms are well illustrated. 
1882 Dunixowsk1, E. Die Spongien der unterliassischen Schichten von 
Schafberg bei Salzberg (Denks. d. k. Akad. der Wiss. Wien, Bd. 
45, pp. 163—194, Pls. I—IV). 
Describes and refers to different genera numerous detached spicules of 
monactinellid, tetractinellid, and lithistid Sponges, as well as portions of hexac- 
tinellid meshwork, which occur, heterogenously mingled together, in cherty 
limestones of Lower-Lias age. 
1883 Kezrrinc, W. The Fossils of the Neocomian Deposits of Upware and 
Brickhill. 
Amongst these are twelve species of Sponges; one is referred to Ploco- 
scyphia, and the others belong to the family Pharetrones. The author does 
not express a decided opinion as to the nature of these latter, though he rather 
favours the opinion of Prof. Sollas that they are siliceous Sponges which 
have been replaced by calcite. 
1883 Kiem, E. Ueber alte und neue Ramispongien und andere verwandte 
Schwammformen aus der Geislinger Gegend (Jahreshft. Ver. f. vaterl. 
Naturk. Wirttemb., vol. xxxix, pp. 243—308). 
Describes numerous Sponges from the White Jura which are all included 
in the undefined genus Ramispongia, Quenst. They are stated to be mostly 
hexactinellids. The specific characters are based on outer form and are 
apparently of little scientific value. No figures given. 
1883 Dounixowsk!, E. Die Pharetronen aus dem Cenoman von Essen, und 
die Systematischen Stellung der Pharetronen (Palgontographica, 
Bd. 29, pp. 288—323, Pls. XXXVII—XL). 
Describes in detail the spicular structures and other characters of these 
forms, and concludes that not only are they fossil calcisponges, but that their 
