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BIBLIOGRAPHY. 3 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
1699 Loutprus [Lhwyd], E. Lithophylacii Britannici Ichnographia. 
In this, one of the earliest works in which the fossil remains of this country 
are noticed, the Sponges are placed under the common term Aleyonium, and 
included in the second class of Lapides corallini. Most of the forms referred 
to and figured are Calcisponges from Faringdon in Berkshire. One of the 
commoner examples is stated to be mineral cartilage. 
1705 Prot, R. Natural History of Oxfordshire. 
It is doubtful whether the forms represented as Fungites or Tuberoides are 
in reality Sponges or merely nodular flints from the Chalk. 
1708 Baur, J. J. Orycetographia Norica. 
The fossil Sponges are referred to Aleyonia or Fungi. In the Supplement, 
published in 1730, very good figures are given of several species of Jurassic 
Sponges, which are placed in the family of the Fungite as marine fungi or 
Alcyonia. Ina second Supplement, brought out in 1757 by the son of the 
original author, fresh examples of Jurassic lithistid and hexactinellid Sponges 
are figured and referred to the same groups. They are believed to be, together 
with other fossils, the relics of a common deluge. 
1708 Lanatus, C. N. Historia lapidum figuratorum Helvetiz, ejusque vicinie. 
The Sponges figured and mentioned are from Jurassic strata, and they are 
regarded as either fossil plants or fruits. The former, styled fungi, are placed 
under four species, and one of tho latter is named Alcyonta tuberosa. 
1740 Scurucuzer, J. J. Sciagraphia lithologica curiosa. 
Fossil Sponges are named Alcyonia and described as marine fungi. 
1742 Bourcer, L., et Cartinr, P. Traité des Pétrifications. 
The Sponges figured are mostly the commoner forms of lithistids 
and hexactineilids from the Jurassic strata of Switzerland. They are 
stated to be marine plants and named ‘Champignons de mer,’ or ‘ Fruits de 
coralloide.’ 
1751 Guerrarp, J. EH. Mémoire sur quelques corps fossiles peu connus (Mém. 
de V Académie Royale des Sciences). 
Denies that the fig-shaped bodies (Siphonia), of which numerous specimens 
are figured, have any relation to figs or other fruits, but states that they are 
Sponges, differing in form only from ordinary ones. Vasiform and cup- 
shaped Sponges are regarded as possessing more affinity to Madrepores than to 
Sponges. 
