THE CODLING MOTH ON PEARS IN CALIFORNIA, 27 
almost continuously from April to August, inclusive, and do not 
recognize the broods at all. However, it is well to know when these 
broods appear, and what is meant by the term ‘‘brood.”’ 
The overwintering larve pupate in spring; the moths emerging 
from these in late og, 
sf fe) xP ese lea TP 
April and during May 
. oe ue BBs 2a Rae 
deposi Sezes whieh seein Ett rE eT eS 
hatch into the first- 70 JEP Sr ies saa eer ese 
ae Te od Se eee ees 
Eee Orns: PSMmanenve ene erp aS TP hele 
brood as, usuallycom= (2a [ately | tal tele | eg 
PRIA 5b BSS sees eee 
paratively small and 50 
the injury not severe. 
Some growers are in- 35 
clined to overlook the 
importance of this 
brood, and many fail «~ 
to notice any worms 
until the second brood 
begins to show just 
prior to first picking. Fic. 7.—Codling-moth larvz collected from banded pear trees at Walnut 
The second is by far Creek, Cal., 1909. (Original. ) 
the more destructive of the two broods, both by reason of its numbers 
and because of the stage of the fruit when it appears. The first-brood 
worms reach their development usually during the months of May and 
June, pupate, and adults emerge and begin depositing eggs some one 
or two weeks before the first picking of pears commences. Growers 
can tell very well when the first of the second-brood worms will begin 
to appear by the use 
UjpP ease eee aA eae ee 
Pe al Esl he ES PN 
PP eee 
Bape ey ele eee af tot |e 
PASS aE Rese aes Nees 
q AG Reha Se 
29| § /2 19 3 1017 2AM 7 142/ 28\5 1219 26\2 9 1 23 
GUNE SUL) AUG. SEAT, | OCT 
220 of burlap bands put 
pee ep eclenaeer ra ee eter |: | Fhe ee - ee 
we Sena mem on ant 
ERS Ae eee 4 
Anes Examine these once 
a week and when the 
first larvee are caught 
0 nage under them they may 
60 aaa nen 
eC CEVA EN FETT] be put into glass jars 
1? ee oS A 
alms eA oer or rags and 
6 Soe ee ee ee kept under normal 
Fic. 8.—Codling-moth larvze collected from banded apple treesat Out- of-doors condi- 
Walnut Creek, Cal., 1909. (Original.) tions When the first 
moths appear it will then be some two weeks before eggs are hatching. 
20 or tumblers with bits 
oO 
BAND RECORDS. 
Some idea of the development of the first-brood larvee and the time 
of leaving fruit may be gained from Tables X and XI, which are the 
band records at Walnut Creek for 1909.. (See also figs. 7 and 8, which 
show this data in diagrammatic form. ) 
