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64 DECIDUOUS FRUIT INSECTS AND INSECTICIDES. 
ough spray application with arsenate of lead and Bordeaux mixture 
before the blossom-buds of the grape expand (fig. 16), and once or 
twice during the period when the rose-chafers are most numerous, 
they can not only prevent serious injury to the crop by this pest, but 
also control the depredations of several other chewing insects. 
CLEANING UP BREEDING PLACES. 
In addition to spraying as a means of control for this pest, much 
good can be done by breaking up pastures and rough sod lands adja- 
cent to vineyards in infested areas. An illustration of this method 
of control was observed during the past season. In the early sum- 
mer of 1909 a field of 30 acres of pasture land on the farm of Mr. 
R. McBroon, at North East, Pa., which is located in the rose-chafer- 
infested area along the lake shore, was broken up and planted to 
vineyard. Large numbers of larve and pupe were found in the 
sod at the time of plowing. During the summer of 1909, after the 
vines were planted, the soil was subject to clean culture. During 
the summer of 1910 numerous examinations of the soil were made in 
this vineyard in search of larve and pupe, but none was found. 
Yet in the sod lands adjacent to this vineyard the beetles and larvee 
were aS numerous as in previous years. Unfortunately, it frequently 
happens that rough land and pastures adjacent to vineyards are not 
controlled by the owners of infested vineyards. When such condi- 
tions exist it is necessary to resort to direct methods of control, and 
observations covering several seasons indicate that thorough spray 
applications with arsenate of lead will prove an effective means of 
controlling the rose-chafer in infested vineyards. 
SUMMARY. 
On account of the limited areas of infestation in any particular 
vineyard section the rose-chafer has not received the consideration it 
deserves as a destructive vineyard pest. In the aggregate its injuries 
to the grape crop in the grape-producing areas of the United States 
are very large, and it is hoped that the experimental work now in 
progress will lead to the adoption of more effective means of con- 
trol. Since it has become the practice to spray grapevines for the 
grape-berry moth (Polychrosis viteana), and also for fungous dis- 
eases at the same time that the adult rose-chafers attack the blossom- 
buds, every effort should be made by vineyardists to combat this pest 
at the same time. The experiments conducted by this bureau during 
the past season indicate that a very thorough application of arsenate 
of lead when the beetles appear, just before the blossoms open, will 
reduce its destructiveness to the extent that a profitable crop of fruit 
can be secured even in vineyard areas where this insect pest abounds 
in destructive numbers. 
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