THE CALIFORNIA PEACH BORER. vf 
The process of spinning the cocoon, as above indicated, occupies 
about 7 days, and there then follows another period of about a week 
before pupation is apparent. The larva is inactive during this second 
period, but wakes up immediately if disturbed or if it is torn from the 
cocoon. The larva has strength to spin a second cocoon, but in doing 
so becomes so weakened that it seldom if ever transforms to a moth. 
The pupal stage occupies a period of about 35 days. The insect is 
actually in the cocoon from 46 to 56 days. 
EARLIEST, MAXIMUM, AND LATEST APPEARANCES OF PUP. 
During the season of 1908 the first pupa of the season was found 
on April 29, but at this time most larve were still active and not ready 
to change to pup. On May 15 several cocoons were found which 
contained quiescent larve, but none of them contained pup. No 
empty cocoons had been observed up to this time. Numerous pup 
found on May 23, 24, and 26 indicated that the period of pupation 
had begun. 
Four recently killed trees were examined on May 23 and 26, and 
besides numerous pup 12 empty pupal cases were found. These 
trees had been completely girdled by numerous borers and had died 
early in the spring, so that a lack of food had caused the borers to 
hasten through to maturity. These cases were the first for the year 
and they indicated that this was the beginning of the period when 
moths were flying. All of these early individuals which were found in 
dead trees were undersized and the males were about as large as the 
females. 
During the season of 1909 one quiescent larva in a cocoon was 
found on February 5 and the first pupa on May 6. On May 19 a 
second pupa was found. One empty pupal case, the first of the 
season, was found on the same day; this, again, indicated that the 
time for flight of the moths was beginning. 
Pupez and empty pupal cases were found frequently during all the 
summer, but pupz were found in maximum numbers during June, 
July, and August. The first or earliest empty pupal cases were 
always collected from trees that were dead or nearly dead and the 
cases were usually undersized. The later maturing individuals were 
always found on healthy trees. 
THE ADULT. 
(Fig. 27, d, e.) 
HABITS OF NEWLY EMERGED MOTHS. 
When a moth has just emerged its wings are soft blackish pads 
and lie on the surface of the back, but immediately they begin to 
open out and after 10 or 15 minutes are fully expanded. The moths 
