35 



j^i-owcrs IVariiiL;' thai tlic ad inn ol" 1 lie soaji on t he liinls would pi.-vnit 

 ;jcrt)wtli and ivsult in tlicii- faihirc to pi'oix'rly dcvidop have followed 

 tlM> practice of allowinj^ the bud sticks to i-cniaiii in the mixture for a 

 short time, and on takinj; them out of washin{^ tliem with watei- in 

 order to remove as much as possible of tlie caustic material remaining, 

 with a view to preventing injury Others have tried fumigation in a 

 limited wa}', but realizing that should this process cause injury, espe- 

 cially to the more tender varieties of trees, such as tlie peacli, it would 

 mean great financial loss, have been slow to adopt this measure. 



In order to test the value of these treatments a set of experiments 

 was begun at l*ainesville, Ohio, in ^Vugust, l'.t02, in cooperation with 

 Mr. W. B. Cole, of that place. The objects in view were to ascertain 

 the elVect of the treatments on the development of the buds and also 

 to determine theii- action on living San Jose scale. 



An excellent set of experiments on the fumigation of apple, pear, 

 cherry, peach, and i)lum l)uds was conducted by ^Messrs. Lowe and 

 Pan-ott in Xew York and was published in December, l!»oi (jJulh^tin 

 No. 202, N. Y. Agr. Expt. Station), but check trees were used to test 

 the elTect of the gas upon the scale, and the latter were fumigated in 

 December and early in June. 



In the experiment at Painesville peach trees were selected, as they 

 were the most tender fi'uit trees available, and badly infested fruit 

 from apple trees was fumigated or treated with the soap mixture at 

 the same time and in the same manner as the buds. 



FUMIGATIOX OF PEACH BUDS, 



On August 28 three lots of Kalamazoo peach bud sticks were tied 

 in bundles and placed in a gas-tight box, which was doul)le boarded, 

 with a double thickness of building paper between, and exposed to 

 the action of liydrocyanic-acid gas for forty minutes. The cj'anide 

 used was of 08 per cent purity and the sulphuric acid was of the com- 

 mercial grade. The following charges were used for each lOU cubic 

 feet of space : 



Lot 1: 1 onnce cyanide. 1 fluid onuce acid. :3 flnid ounces water. 

 Lot 2: Three-fonrths onnce cyanide, thrce-fonrths fluid ounce acid. '2^ flnid 

 ounces water. 



Lot 3: One-half ounce cyanide, one-lialf fluid ounce acid, \k fluid ounces water. 



Several apples badl\' infested with San Jose scale were fumigated 

 with each lot. 



TREATMENT OF I'EACII lil'DS. 



On the same date two lots of Wheeler's Late bud sticks were 

 immersed in whale oil soap mixture, (food's No. .} whale-oil soap 

 was us(m1 at the rate of 2 pounds and 1 pouiul to each gallon of water. 

 The sticks were removed after remaining fifteen minutes and, witli 

 the exception of a few that were selected from each lot, were placed 



