102 



have hitlierto been disregarded as a possible source of the pest, 

 now figure in a different liglit. From an economic; standpoint 

 we may say that althougii Minnesota may sometime raise more 

 winter wheat than it does now, it being claimed that a yield may be 

 obtained three years out of every five, as long as spring-sown wheat is 

 practically the chief wlieat crop, these facts have no decided bearing 

 beyond that of showing the need of plowing under the volunteer wheat. 

 We would naturallj^ suppose, however, that i^uparia would be found 

 in the fall upon the fall-sown rye, and that said rye would show injury 

 the following spring. As a matter of fact no complaint whatever 

 reaches us regarding injury to rye. 



The little green leaf-hopper, Empoasca mall Walsh, must not be 

 overlooked in an account of the year's insects. This pest has been 

 extremely injurious in nurseries in southern Minnesota during the 

 past season, affecting apple trees pai'ticularly and checking their 

 growth to a niarked degree, though found on other trees as well as on 

 the apple. 



In discussing this paper Mr. Fletcher stated that he was much inter- 

 ested in the number of broods of the Hessian fly in Minnesota. He 

 thought that Mr. Washburn finding two broods was an excei:)tional 

 occurrence. In Manitoba he had only been able to find a single brood. 



The summer "flaxseeds" do not develop flies until the following 

 spring, and as no fall wheat is grown it is only occasionally that there 

 is rain enough to start volunteer wheat early enough for the eggs to 

 be laid upon it. In case there were a second brood in Manitoba, the 

 larvae would liave nothing to feed on, and although this insect has 

 been recorded as feeding on timothy and wild grass in Russia this 

 fact has never been observed in America. In his opinion the condi- 

 tions under which the second brood was found in Minnesota were arti- 

 ficial, and he hoped that further observations concerning this point 

 would be carried on. 



Mr. Washburn called attention to the fact that he had found " flax- 

 seeds " on volunteer wheat growing in stubble in October. 



A motion was made and carried that the remaining pajjers, which 

 had been sent to the meeti.ig by members who were unable to be 

 present, be read by title. These papers are as follows : 



(1) Early Western Entomologists, by Mary E. Murtfeldt, Kirkwood, Mo. 



(2) An Experiment with Black Flies, by C. M. Weed, Dnrliam, N. H. 



(3) Tlie Brown-tail Moth in New Hampshire, by C. M. Weed, Durham, N. H. 



(4) Some British Fruit-tree Pests Liable to l)e Introduced into America, by 

 Frederick V. Theobald, Wyecourt, England. 



(5) Insect Notes from Georgia for the Year 1908, by Wilmon Newell, Atlanta, Ga. 



(6) Insect Notes from Connecticut, by W. E. Britton, New Haven, Conn. 



Numbers 2, 3, 5, and 6 are published herewith; number 4 in Bul- 

 letin 44 of the present series. 



