ADDITIONAI. DATA cN TIIK LncrST IHHJKK. 37 



enter the wood. The woik in :ill cases should \)v coiuph'ted l)et'ore 

 the leaf huds hctrin to swell on the livinj^* trees in the spiinii;. 



DESTKICTION OV INKESTKI) TKKKS AND WOOD. 



When it is desirable to simply renu)\ c and destroy, Ity lnii"nin»jf oi* 

 otherwise, the liadly infested and daina*>cd trees to kill the hroods of 

 larva', the work should bo done in May and June, when all such trees 

 can l)e easily recoofiiized by the borint^ dust, fadins^ leaves, l)roken 

 branches, etc., and nuist be completed before the bei^tles be^^in to 

 emerge. Perhaps the best rule, applicable to all localities, latitudes, 

 and elevations, is to complete the work l>v the tinu' the flowers have 

 all fallen from the trees, which will vary between ditlerent altitudes 

 and latitudes from about the middle of May to the last of June. 

 Another rul(^ would be to conn)lete tin- woi-k before the earliest 

 varieties of oolden-rod bej^in to show evidences of rtowerin«i\ This, 

 however, would be the latest that the work should l)e done, because 

 the l)eetles begin to emerge by the time the first golden-rod flowers 

 appear. 



SFKAYINd THE TRUNKS AND BRAN(^HES TO KILL THE YOUNCJ LARV.^:. 



Kxperiments have demonstratt'd that the hibernating hirvie may l)e 

 killed by spraying the trunks and f)ranches with a strong solution of 

 kerosene enudsion. Therefore, when it is practicalde or mon^ desir- 

 able to adopt this method for the protection of small plantations, 

 groves, or shade trees, the spraying should be done in the fall oi" win- 

 ter, not <'arlier than Xo\-ember I. and not latei- than Apiil 1 — in other 

 words, during the dormant ])ei"iod of the tree. The following para- 

 graphs, relative to the preparation of kerosene emulsion, are taken 

 from Farm(^i-s' Hulletin No. 127. by ('. L. Marlatt: 



Kero^nie eiini/xinii (Hoaj) lonmilaj — 



Kerosi'iu- .l;ii11i>iis.. "J 



Whale-oil scmp (or 1 <juurt soft soap ) poiinil . . 1 



Water Kiillon . . 1 



Tlie .xoap, lirst finely dividcil, is di.ssolvufl in the water l)y iKiiliii;: ami iinine<liatt'ly 

 a<Meil, lK)iliii<; hot, away fmin the lire, ti> the kerosene. The whoh* niixtnre i> then 

 agitated violently while hot hy Ijeinfi: pumped back upon itself with a fon-e pump 

 ami direet-disrharue no/./le throwing; a stronj; stream, preferal)ly one-eighth incli in 

 diameter. After from three to tive niimites' ])\unpiii;j tiie emulsion should he per- 

 feet, and the mixtun* will liave increased frr)ni one-tliird to one-half in hulk and 

 a.<sume<l the consistt'iicy fif cream. Well madi", tlie emulsion will keep indetinitely, 

 and should l>e diluted only as wanted for use. 



I'or the treatment of lar;;e on-hards or in munici|>al work reipiirin^' lanje <|uanli- 

 ties of tlie emulsion, it will he advisiil)le to maimfactun> it with the aid of a steam 

 or jra^oline engine, as has been very successfully and economically done in sevenil 

 instances, all the work of heating, churning, etc.. heing accomplished hy this means. 



The use t»f whale-oil i?oap, espt'cially if the emulsion is to he kept for any length 

 of time, is strongly reconinn-nded, not only because the soap posse.ss«'s considerable 



