THE SOUTHERN PINE SAWYKH. 45 



PECUNIARY LOSS. 



Approximatoh' 25 per cent of the lumlier in each lopj infested by 

 the sawyer is seriously damapjed. The pecuniary loss may therefore 

 be computed as follows: Lumber undama(2;ed by insects was worth, 

 in 1008, $19 a thousand feet b. m. at the mill in southern Mississippi. 

 ^^^len infested by the sawyer the 25 per cent damaf^ed was reduced 

 in value to $7.50 a thousand. 



It is estimated that in the storm of September, 1908, 2,000,000,000 

 feet of timber were blown down. In the 1907 storm, in Alabama, 

 800,000 feet were blowm down, and in the storm of April 24, 1908, 

 which passed throuf^jh two or three States, 180,000,000 feet were 

 blown down. This gives us 2,180,800,000 feet of timber blown 

 down by these three storms. Practically all of this storm-felled 

 timber was damaged by the sawyer. 



As stated above, 25 per cent of each log tlamaged is reduced from 

 $19 a thousand feet to $7.50 a thousand feet; therefore we may 

 consider that 25 per cent of the whole, or 545,200,000 feet b. m. 

 was reduced from $19 a thousand to $7.50 a thousand. At $19 a 

 a thousand this amount of timber would be worth $10,358,800. 

 At $7.50 it w^ould be worth $4,089,000. The difference between 

 these two sums is $6,269,800. Therefore, if this timber had been used, 

 or could have been used before the sapwood decaj'^ed, the last figure 

 given would represent the total loss chargeable to the sawyer. 



CHARACTER OF THE INSECT. 



Adult. — The adult (fig. 14) is an elongate beetle varying from 

 16""" to 31. n'""' in length and from 5 to 10'""' in width. The color 

 is a mottled gray and brown. In the male the bonis, or antennae, 

 are ver}' long, often being two or three times the length of the beetle. 

 In the female they are much shorter than in tlu^ in.ile, but are still 

 somewhat longer than the body. 



Kfjg. — The egg (fig. 15) is elongate-oval, ai)pr()ximately 4""" long, 

 by 1.5'"'" in diameter at the middle. The color is opaque white. 

 There are two distinct coverings, wdiich correspond to the outer and 

 inner shells of the vfrcr of a fowd. The outer is known as the chorion 

 (fig. 15, a, d), and the imier as the anmion (fig. 15, h). At one end 

 isfound a depression or little round hole, which is known as the micro- 

 ])yle (fig. 15, c). Under a high-power micioscojie the chorion is .seen 

 to be veiy prettil}' sculptured on its outer surface (lig. In, e). 



Larva. — The lai-va (fig. 16) is an elongate, footless, white grub with 

 powerfid jaws or jnandibhvs for boring through the wood. The size 

 varies considerably in difFerent indivichials and according to age. 

 The largest at maturity have been found to mea.sure slightly over 

 QQmm j,^ longth and O'"*" in breadth at the broadest point (the pro- 



