ADDITIONAL DATA <>N TIIK L<»(MST HoRKK. 37 



ontor tlio wood. The work in all cases should l)o completed lu-fore 

 the leaf buds begin to swell on the livinjr trees in the spring. 



DESTRUCTION OF INFESTED TREKS AND WOOD. 



When it is desiral)le to siin})ly remove and desti'oy. l»y bui-ning or 

 otheiwise, the badly infested and damaged trees to l<ill the l>roods of 

 larva', the work should b(> done in May and June, when all such trees 

 can be easily recognized ])y the boring dust, fading leaves, broken 

 l)ranches, etc., and must be completed before the beetles begin to 

 emerge. Perhaps the best rule, aj^plicable to all localities, latitudes, 

 and elevations, is to complete the work by the time the flowers have 

 all fallen t'lom the trees, which will vary between ditierent altitudes 

 and latitudes from about the middle of May to the last of June. 

 Another rule would 1)0 to complete the work before the earliest 

 varieties of golden-rod begin to show evidences of flowering. This, 

 however, would be th(> latest that the work should ))e done, })ecause 

 the beetles begin to emerge by the time the tirst golden-rod flowers 

 appear. 



SPRAYING THE TRUNKS AND BRANCHES TO KILL THE YOUNCJ LARV^. 



Experiments have demonstrated that the hibernating larvu' may 1)0 

 killed l)v spraying the trunks and branches with a strong solution of 

 kerosene emulsion. Therefore, when it is practicable or more desir- 

 able to adopt this method for the protection of small plantations, 

 groves, or shade trees, the spraying should be done in the fall or win- 

 ter, not earlier than November 1, and not later than April 1 — in other 

 words, during' the dormant period of the tree. The following para- 

 graphs, relative to the ])reparation of kerosene emulsion, are taken 

 from Farmers' Bulletin No. 127, by C. L. Marlatt: 



KeroKftie eumlsidii (soap formula) — 



Keroseiu" pnllons. . 2 



WhuU'oil soiii) (or 1 i|Htirt sf>ft soap) pouiirl.. i 



Water pnlloii.. 1 



The snap, first finely <li\i<lc(l, is (lissolve<l in tlio water hy iMiiliiif.' ami inimedinti'ly 

 added, hoilin^' Imt, away from the fire, to the kerosene. The whole mixture is then 

 anitat«-d violently while hot by hein^ junnped liack upon itself with a force juunp 

 and ilire(t-dis(har^;e nozzle throwinj; a strong stream, i)referal)ly one-eigiith inch in 

 diameter. After from thre*- to five minutes' pumpintr the emulsinn shouM he per- 

 fe<'t, and the mixture will have increa.«e<l from one-third to one-half in bulk and 

 a.ssnmeil the «-onsistency of cream. Well ma<le, the emulsion will keep indefinitely, 

 and should Im' diluted only as wanted for use. 



For the treatment of larj^e orchanls or in nuniici|ial work retjuirini; lar^re tiuanti- 

 ties of the emulsion, it will he advisable to mamifacture it with the aid of a steam 

 or ga.«oIine engine, as has been very successfully ami economically done in several 

 instances, all the work of heatinjr. churnintr, etc., beini: accomplishe<l by this means. 



The use of whale-<iil soap, <"spi'cially if the emulsion is to be kejit for any length 

 of time, is strongly recommende<l, not only because the soap iMis.«esse.s conei<ierable 



