NOTES FOR 1905 FROM NEW YORK. 89 



have it lie flat on the ground. In other words, cabbages are set below 

 the origin of the leaves. In some instances we found that tarred 

 papers had pinched the roots of young plants so as to apparently 

 check their growth. In the burrow of one maggot we captured a 

 cynipid parasite {Pseudeucoela gillettei Ashm.). To the best of our 

 knowledge this parasite has not hitherto been reported from Minne- 

 sota. A number of preda:ceous beetles which were observed to feed 

 upon the larvjie and pupae of this fly Avere also captured. In the 

 course of this experiment, and in spite of negative results obtained 

 with the same substance in the East, Ave used air-slaked lime on a field 

 cont< i ling several thousand cabbages. We thought it ought at least 

 to act as a repellent to the fly and as an irritant on the surface of 

 the maggot, if it were kept dry by sufficiently frequent applicatiojis. 

 There Avas so much rain, however, that it required constant Avork to 

 remedy the results of the dominating Avet Aveather. NeA^ertheless, 

 the cabbages made a fine showing, a much better shoAving, I belieA^e, 

 than other fields not limed. In my opinion this Avas due, hoAvever, 

 to the fertilizing poAver of the lime, since cabbages are among the 

 comparatively fcAv plants which respond energetically to lime. The 

 recent Holland cabbage, so far as I can make out, is never afl'ected 

 by the cabbage maggot in Minnesota. 



NOTES ?0R 1905 FROM NEW YORK. 



By E. P. Felt, Albany, N. Y. 



The season of 1905 in Ncav York Avas notable because of tAVO 

 unusual though fortunatelv limited outbreaks. WebAvorms (prob- 

 ably CramJnis vulgivageJlus Clem, and others) Avere exceptionally 

 destructiA'e to grass lands in Albany, Columbia, and Rensselaer 

 counties in the latter part of May, and army Avorms {HeMophUu 

 unipuiicta HaAV.) appeared in large numbers in some Erie Count}' 

 localities. 



Among fruit pests the codling moth {Carpocapsa pomoneUa L.) 

 Avas exceptionally abundant and. on account of the light apple crop, 

 inflicted considerable loss. The second brood appears to have caused 

 the greater part of the injury. The apple maggot {Rhagoletis 

 pomoneUa Walsh) is becoming destructive to fruit in Ncav York State, 

 particularlA^ to the early varieties. Its Avork is so prevalent at 

 NeAvark that sound early fruit was a rarit}'. Its depredations in the 

 large orchards of JSIr. Hart, at Poughkeepsie, Avere confined very 

 largely to sheltered holloAvs. The rose beetle {M acrodactylus suhspi- 

 nosus Fab.) Avas exceedingly abundant in various sections of the State, 

 depredations being reported from Staten Island, from the vicinity 

 of Rochester, and at Grahamsville, Sullivan County. The scurfy 

 scale {Chionasph furfura Fitch) has been unusually prolific and 



