90 ASSOCIATION OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGISTS. 



destructive for the last two or three years in Dutchess County. The 

 grape root- worm (Fid hi ctttcida Walsh) is generally distributed in 

 the Chautauqua region and quite injurious to vineyards here and 

 there, especially to those on the lighter soils. The last season has 

 been marked by the insects becoming decidedly more abundant in 

 vineyards on the hills back from the lake that were previously com- 

 paratively free from the pest. The experiments in 1903 and 1904 

 were continued by general observations upon the vineyards in 1905. 

 The result has shown beyond all question the practicability of pre- 

 venting severe injury by means of timely cultivation for the destruc- 

 tion of pupa? and by the collection of the beetles. 



Grass lands in various sections of the State have sutt'ered, in addi- 

 tion to army worm and webworm outbreaks mentioned above, from 

 injury by white grubs; and the abundance of spittle insects (pre- 

 sumably Philcenus line<ttiis L. and P. .s/Hi//i(U'!a L. ) was remarkable. 



Shade trees in a number of our principal cities have been very 

 severely injured by larvtie of the white-marked tussock moth {Heme- 

 roeampa leucostigma S. & A.). The fall webAvorm {IliipJiantrin 

 textor Harr.) has been somewhat conm.ion, particularly in the fruit 

 sections of Avestern New York. The elm leaf-beetle {GaleruceJla 

 Ivteola Miill.) continues to be a serious enemy in the Hudson River 

 Valley and is now said to be generally distril)uted throughout Glens 

 Falls. The P]uropean elm case-bearer {('oleophora Jhnosipenella 

 Dup.) has l)ecome firmly established on Long Island. It has spread 

 from Brooklyn to Oyster Bay, in which latter place it is nearly as 

 destructive to elms as the elm leaf-beetle. The general appearance 

 of injured foliage is someAvhat similar in spite of this species being 

 a miner. The Avork of this lepido^Dteron is at once recognized by the 

 circular feeding orifice and the more rectangular shape of the semi- 

 transparent areas. The maple Phenacoccus (Phenacocci/.s arencola 

 King), first noticed as abundant and injurious in this section in 1901, 

 continues to be somcAvhat destructive in the loAver Hudson Valley. 

 The rare woolly maple leaf aphide {Pem pJiicpts acerifoln Riley) is 

 unusually numerous on Long Island and in the Hudson Valley. 



The economic results of applying oil to sAvamp and Avoodland 

 pools was strikingly brought out this summer by the statement that 

 at LaAvrence the green-headed horsefly {Talxnins lineola Fab.) Avas 

 decidedly more abundant than a fcAV years ago Avhen this community 

 applied petroleum to many ])ools for the jjurpose of destroying 

 mosquito larvse. Later ditching operations have rendered the use of 

 oil largely superfluous, and as a consequence horseflies are nnich more 

 abundant than they were Avhen the oil method Avas in force, a strik- 

 ing confirmation on a someAvhat extended scale of Professor Por- 

 chinski's observations in Russia. 



