32 



Cincinnati Society of Natural History. 



These waved-strata indicate that the water was not too 

 deep for the sediments to be moved by the more powerful 

 waves, and the fragmental nature of the material of the 

 strata shows that it had been much worked over before it 

 was finally left with a waved surface, to be covered with a 

 deposit of mud and thus preserved. None of these wave- 

 marked strata have as yet been shown to be continuous over 

 any considerable area, but they have been observed in all 

 parts of the area, and at various horizons in the Eden and 

 Fairview formations. They may have been formed either 

 in shallow water near a shore line, or in shoal water which 

 was independent of a shore line. Alany of the wave-marks 

 trend approximately in the same direction (NE-SW), 

 indicating the possible existence of a land mass not far 

 distant. There are, however, a few prominent exceptions 

 to these in strata but a few inches above or below, whose 

 directions could not have been controlled by the same 

 shore line. It therefore seems more probable to the writer 

 that they were formed in shoal water, and that their direction 

 was controlled bv the wind. 



