82 



26. Solidago virgaurea, L., var. Cambrica. i, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. 



Northern, Central, anil Southern Groups. This Golden Rod is one of our most 

 universally distributed, and most handsome cliff species. It is at home on the 

 higher as well as the lower portions of the precipices, though it prefers their lower 

 and warmer parts. Here it vies with various Hawkweeds in making the rocks 

 gay with golden yellow. I have made no note of its occurrence on the Brecon 

 Beacon range ; but since it is abundant and characteristic upon the Tarens of the 

 Black Mountain, it is sure to be found there. 



27. Crepis paludosa, Mwnch. 2, 3, 4, 5. Northern and Central 

 Groups. A glen plant delighting in damp rocky shade near waterfalls, this 

 Hawkweed ascends, along with the Welsh Poppy, to the lower levels of the cliflfs. 

 It hardly deserves a place in a series of strictly cliff plants ; but I wish to call 

 attention to tlie absence of any record of this plant for the Brecon Beacon or the 

 Black Mountain district. It can hardly be truly absent from the former, seeing 

 that it has been recorded for Glamorgan ; and it should occur in the Black 

 Mountains, where, however, I have uniformly sought for it vain. 



28. Armeria maritima, Willd. 1, 2, 3. Northern Group. 



29. Plantago maritima, L. 1, 2, 3. Northern Group. I have, 

 unfortunately, little or no information to communicate with regard to these two 

 plants ; but they should not be omitted from a paper attempting to deal with the 

 cliff Flora of any portion of Britain ; being two of the interesting group of plants 

 whose common home with us is the sea shore, but which recur on mountain 

 summits. I have met with both of them on the higher Carnarvonshire Cliffs ; 

 and both occur further to the northward, in the Lakeland and Scottish 

 Mountains ; but I believe neither of them to be inhabitants of the Central or 

 Southern groups of cliffs in Wales. It would be interesting to know whether, 

 like Cochlearia alpina and Silene maritima, they occur in any positions inter- 

 mediate between mountain and sea shore. I believe this to be the case with 

 Plantago maritiina ; but I have never heard of Armeria maritima being found in 

 •any intermediate stations. 



30. Oxyria reniformis, Hook. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Northern and Central 

 Groups. This is one of the most characteristic of our cliff plants, uniformly 

 found in the damp cold ravines of mountain precipices, and never, that I am 

 aware of, elsewhere. It is abundant upon all the Cliffs of Carnarvonshire which 

 I have visited, and upon those of Cader Idris, but it apparently does not extend 

 so far to the south as Breconshire. I have searched for it upon the Brecon 

 Beacon Cliffs in vain. Merioneth is thus its most southerly county in Britain ; 

 while northward it has a wide distribution as far as the Orkneys. 



31. Salix herbacea, L. 1, 3, 6. Northern and Southern Groups. 

 Mr. Baker calls this plant and Carex rigida the " two most Arctic plants of the 

 Lake district Flora." They hold the same position in the Welsh Flora also. Salix 

 herbacea occurs in small quantities on all the highe.st summits of Carnarvonshire, 

 and recurs again on the highest point of the Brecon Beacons, which is its most 

 southerly British station. It is, properly speaking, an inhabitant rather of the 

 stony exposed mountain top than the precipice. In the Brecon Beacons the edge 



