133 



well as the word "pens" for the hills, and " cipnis " for the valleys — the Briton 

 thus truly having left his marks upon the land. 



From Bagwy Llydiart the ascent was jjradual and easy for the pedestrians 

 to the summit of Garway hill, and the refreshing breeze most gratifying. The 

 view from Garway Hill, 1,197 feet above the level of the sea, exhibits an extensive 

 panorama embracing the heights of Radnorshire forest, the Clee Hills, and the 

 Longmynds of Shropshire, Malvern Hills in Worcestershire, Herefordshire Beacon, 

 Forest of Dean, and the Cotteswolds in Gloucestershire, the Skyrrid, Sugar Loaf, 

 and other hills in Monmouthshire, Pen Cerrig Calch, Gader Vawr in Breconshire, 

 and the whole range of the Black Mountains, with occasionally, in a clear 

 atmosphere, a peep of the Severn Channel, and the county of Somerset beyond. 



There are probably few Members of our Club who possess a copy of No. 4 

 of our Transactions. The Geological panorama from Garway Hill is so well given 

 on page 4 of that number, in the retiring address of the President, Mr. R. W. 

 Banks, in February, 1861, that we will introduce the following extract : — "From 

 its summit a magnificent prospect opened to our view: to the west lay the Skyrrid, 

 and the hills of the upper division of Old Red, which .surround Abergavenny ; to 

 the north-west, the long range of the Black Mountains, and in the same direction, 

 considerably in advance, the comparatively low range of Cornstone hills, which 

 extends from St. Devereux to the Wye at Whitney ; looking to the north, over 

 the wide valley of Old Red, Lady Lift and Dinmore Hills appeared, beyond them 

 the Ludlow rocks, represented by Hergest ridge and Bradnor, and, in the extreme 

 distance, Radnor Forest, occasionally hidden by passing showers ; to the east, the 

 well-known features of the Titterstone, Clee Hill, and Weulock-edge, and the 

 somewhat tame outline of the Longmynd, the oldest of our fossiliferous rocks, thus 

 affording a view of the whole range of Palieozoic rocks. Turning round to the 

 south, Monmouth and Ross lay before us, and the valley of the Wye, flanked by 

 the coal basm of the Forest of Dean ; to the east, the Malvern Hills, with the 

 range which runs along the vale of the Severn, and the more distant Cotteswolds, 

 representatives of the Oolite formations, in the background. It would be difficult, 

 perhaps, to find a spot where a better view can be obtained of the Old Red Sand- 

 stones of Herefordshire, which at Pen-y-Gadr Fawr, rise to the height of 2,545 

 feet, and which are in this district estimated to be 10,000 feet thick." 



The descent from Garway hill was made through the deer park of Kent- 

 church Court, passing a noble oak tree measuring 32 feet 5 inches in circumference 

 at a height of five feet from the ground, a yew tree with a solid bole, 30 feet, and 

 a great Scotch fir behind it, 11 feet 7 inches in circumference, through Yew Tree 

 plain, past Waterloo Cottage, crossing the Monnow by an iron foot-bridge near 

 Corras to Grosmont, where, after a walk of four or five miles from Bagwy Llydiart, 

 the members were glad to find refreshments for them prepared in the ancient 

 Town Hall situated in the centre of the village. The Town Hall was rebuilt in 

 1831, by the Duke of Beaufort, on the site of the old building. This was much 

 larger when Grosmont was a town of considerable importance, having its mayor 

 and burgesses so recently as the commencement of this century, and its govern- 

 ment conducted by the families, amongst others, of the Olives and the Scudamores. 



