100 TRANSACTIONS OF THE [ FEB. 29, 
stratified layers of sand and clay. At the shore line the base of the 
bluff is nearly always masked by a talus of material which has 
fallen from above. This is only washed away in very heavy storms 
or high tides, and then there may be, for a brief period, a sheer face 
exposed from summit to base. This was the case last autumn, and 
I then found the concretions in place in a hard red or buff-colored 
clay, immédiately at the shore level, apparently an outcrop of a larger 
mass beneath. The clay wasevidently colored by the iron from the 
red bowlder drift. All of these concretions were lying flat in the 
plane of the bedding, and were evidently formed in the strata where 
found. Indeed, similar concretions may be seen in process of for- 
mation there at the present time. None showed any indications of 
glaciation, although similar ones glaciated, but without any traces 
of organic remains in them, were more or less plentiful in the 
bowlder drift. A lenticular mass of buff and blue-colored clay was 
found included in the irregularly stratified material above, and in 
this there was more or less lignite and pyrite. This mass was 
apparently cretaceous material which had been scooped up, trans- 
ported, and deposited intact, in the same way as it may be seen in 
layers and masses, inclosed in the bowlder drift over lyin the 
“kaolin” beds at Kreischerville. 
At Prince’s Bay the conditions are practically the same as at 
Tottenville, except that the bluff is about seventy-five feet high. 
Clay outerops on the shore, and is occasionally exposed by the 
washing away of the shingle. A heavy stone wall has been built 
along the shore in order to protect the light-house property from 
the inroads of the waters, inside which a deep talus has formed which 
extends far up the face of the bluff, completely hiding it from view 
to a distance of at least half its height. The summit is capped with 
bowlder drift, and beneath this, as far as can be seen, there is 
assorted material consisting of sandy clay, sand, and gravel, showing 
an unmistakable inclination towards the northwest. Much of this 
material is evidently pre-glacial or yellow drift, as it contains nume- 
rous silicified fossils characteristic of that formation, and the accom- 
panying sand and sandy clay is probably cretaceous. The occurrence 
of this material in the bluff was first noted by Dr. Britton (Proe. Nat. 
Sci. Assn. 8. I. Nov. 8th, 1884), who ascribed its presence there 
to glacial transportation en masse. This view is emphasized very 
strongly, if we consider the topography and geological structure of 
the island in what was the direction of glacial movement. A _ see- 
tion in this direction (about N. 17 deg. W.*) from the Prince’s 
Bay bluff shows a gradual slope from the top of the bluff for a dis- 
tance of about seven hundred feet until it reaches tide level in a 
broad marsh, after which the land rises into rounded morainal hills 
* The actual direction of the glacial strie varies somewhat at different parts 
of the island. The extremes thus far observed are N. 13 deg. W., and N. 20 
deg. W. As no strie are available at Prince’s Bay the above is assumed as 
an average from the extremes noted. 
