1897.] NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 245 



LYCOPODIACEiE. 



Lepidodendron fuUginosum Lind. & Hutt. 



" vasculare Binney. 



" selnghioides Will. 



Sigillaria vascularis Binney. 

 Favularia sp. 

 Diploxylon . 



Fungi. 



Peronosponites antiquarms Worth. Smith. 

 COEDAITEiE. 



Polypierospermum (from the Upper Coal Measures). 



Cordiocarpon Butterworthi Will. 

 " compressum Will. 



Lagenostoma ovoides Will. 



Conostoma oblonga Will. 



DOUBTFUL FORMS. 

 Ealoxylon Hookeri Csh. 

 Lyginodendron (?) anomalum. 



" Oldhamianum Will. 



Most, if not all, of the plants described from a stud}' of their 

 minute structure have been obtained from the coal balls or "bul- 

 lions" found in the roof of the Bullion or Upper Foot Seam.j 



Fauna. 



The fauna of the Lancashire Coal Measures has not been 

 studied with the same enthusiasm as the flora. The great preva- 

 lence of Anthracosia through the Lower and Middle Measures 

 and of Aviculopecten 2^apyraceus in the Lower has masked to 

 some extent the occurrence of other forms, and has led to the 

 fauna's being considered scant}'. The supposed paucity of an- 

 imal remains arises, there is reason to believe, from insufficient 

 search and from the need of paleontologists to devote attention 

 to the collections already made. Animal remains are almost in- 

 variably found in the shales, and most often in those immedi- 

 atel}' above the coal seams. The roofs of certain seams, for ex- 

 ample, the cannel mine of Wigan and the thin bed, or California 

 mine, of Burnle}', are remarkablj' rich in fish remains. The dis- 

 tribution must be much greater than is commonly supposed, for 

 ver}' little search has been made upon outcrops, in order to de- 

 termine the upward range through the shales which lie upon the 

 coal seams. 



The coal itself rarely contains fossils ; but one exception to 

 this rule is the cannel seam of Wigan in which the coal has 

 yielded scales, teeth, l)ones and spines of fishes in fair quantity. 



