1897.] NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 247 



ways in the Coal Measure lagoons where the water must have 

 been comparativel}' fresh. 



The general belief is that the Lower Coal Measures are marked 

 by a preponderance of marine forms which are unknown in the 

 Middle Coal Measures excepting in a remarkable bed exposed 

 in the river Tame at Dukinfield, in the eastern portion of the 

 south Lancashire coal field. 



The Middle and Upper Coal Measures are regarded as con- 

 taining brackish and fresh-water forms. 



Lower Coal Measure Fauna. 



annelida. 

 Arenicola carbonarius, Binney. 

 Spirorbis pusiUus, Martin. 



BKACHIOPODA. 

 Chonetes Hardi-ensis, Phillips. 

 Produdus scabricidus, Martin. 



" semireficulaius, Martin. 

 Discina nifida, Phillips. 



" orbicularis, P>olton. 

 Lingula mytdoides, Sowerby. 

 " squamiformis, Phillips. 

 " Credneri, Geinitz. 



artheopoda. 

 Phyllopoda. 



Esther ia tenella, Jordan. 

 Macruka. 



Pygocephahis Cooperi, Huxley. 

 Anthrapalicmon Ether idgii, Peach. 



XlPHGSUEA. 



CycJus Scvtti, N. Wood. 



mollusc a. 

 Pelecypoda. 



Anthracosia robitsta, Sowerby. 



" rugnsa. Brown. 



" acuta, Sowerby. 



" nucularis, Hind. 



" subrotunda, Brown. 



" aquiJina, Sowerby. 



Anihracomya WiUiamsoni. 



" Wardi, Salters. 



" bell Ida, Bolton. 



Anthracopiera modiolaris, Sowerby. 



" quadrata, Sowerby. 



" crassa, Fleming. 



Tellinomya robusta, Bolton. 

 Posidoniella Itevis, Brown. 



" minor, Brown. 



Avictdopecten papyraceus, Sowerby. 



